声带闭合不全与吸烟无明显关系。
Incomplete closure of vocal cord had no obvious relationship to smoking.
这些都与神经根闭合不全高度相关。
目的探讨腭裂手术切口设计的改良对术后腭咽闭合不全的影响。
The relationship between modified incision of cleft palate operation and post-operation velopharyngeal insufficiency(VPI);
结果：改良的联合术式设计可明显提高腭咽闭合不全患者的腭咽闭合率。
Results: the improved combined operation design can significantly improve the closure rate of the patients with VPI.
结论：每型椎管闭合不全有相应的MRI表现特点，大多数MRI可准确诊断。
Conclusion: Each type of spinal dysraphism had its corresponding MRI features, MRI could diagnosis most of them precisely.
目的：为临床应用咽后壁组织瓣修复腭裂、改善腭咽闭合不全提供解剖学依据。
Objective: to provide anatomic data for repairing cleft palate and improve velopharyngeal inadequacy with posterior pharyngeal flap.
结论MRI是目前诊断儿童隐性神经管闭合不全的最有效的方法，但其也有局限性。
Conclusion MRI is the most effective modality for diagnosing occult spinal dysraphism in children nowadays. However, MRI has some limitations.
目的：观察超声在腰骶椎管闭合不全合并脊髓栓系综合征中诊断和术后随访的价值。
Objective:To assess the ultrasonic diagnosis of lumbosacral spinal dysraphism(LSD)with tethered spinal cord(TSC)syndrome and to evaluate the ultrasonography value in postoperative follow up.
围手术期并发症：术后暂时性软愕闭合不全6例（17.6%），3一4天后症状消失。
Perioperative complications: There were 6 cases of temporatory soft palatal incompetence (17.6% )after operation, and disappeared after 3-4 days.
另一种鉴别诊断是闭合性的脊髓椎管闭合不全，同样椎弓没有融合，但没有脊椎发育不良。
Another diagnosis to consider is a closed spinal dysraphism, where the vertebral arches are not fused well, but there is no vertebral column agenesis.
本组开放性脊柱闭合不全包括后位脊膜膨出5例、脂肪脊髓脊膜膨出12例、脊髓囊状突出2例。
The opened spinal dysraphism reported in this series included 5 cases of posterior meningocele, 12lipomyelomeningocele and 2 myelocystocele.
方法应用CT和鼻咽纤维镜分别对10例正常发音者的腭咽闭合类型和腭咽闭合不全比率进行检测并比较。
Methods Examination and comparison the velopharyngeal types and velopharyngeal insufficiency rates of 10 patients with normal phonation using CT and NPF.
目的研究腭裂术后不同语音清晰度患者元音共振峰模式的差异，以及元音第三共振峰同腭咽闭合不全率的关系。
AIM to study the spectrum features of formant pattern of vowel and the relationship between RVPI and F3 in postoperative patients.
目的研究腭裂术后腭咽闭合功能不全型患者辅音的声学特点。
Objective to study the acoustic features of the consonant of the patients with post-palatoplasty velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI).
目的研究腭裂术后腭咽闭合功能不全型患者辅音的声学特点。
Objective to study the acoustic features of the consonant of the patients with post-palatoplasty velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI).
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