第二部分为从连带债务到连带责任。
The second part deals with the joint obligation and the joint responsibility.
本文第一部分为连带债务制度的历史沿革。
The first part describes historical evolution of joint and several obligation.
连带债务多由法律规定。
连带债务人履行了债务后，对其他债务人有求偿权。
The debtor who performed the debt has the right of claim to other debtors.
不真正连带债务的对内效力中，存在求偿权的可能。
As far as the interior effect of Unreal Joint Obligation is concerned, possibility of claims exists.
不真正连带债务的法律效果表现在内部与外部两方面。
Gesamtschuld performance is reflected in the legal effect of both internal and external.
第三部分论述连带债务的成立原因：法律行为和法律规定。
Joint obligation exists in the cases specified by law or by the expressly declaration in the contract.
连带债务的法律规定起源于罗马法，连带债务能引起连带责任。
Joint obligation originates in Roman law. It can give rise to joint liability.
重整企业的保证人或者其他连带债务人承担的清偿责任，不受重整计划的影响。
Liabilities for liquidation borne to the guarantor of the restructure enterprise or other joint debtor will not be affected by the restructure plan.
债权人对债务人的保证人和其他连带债务人所享有的权利，不受重整计划的影响。
The right enjoyed by a creditor against the debtor's guarantor and all the joint-and-several debtors shall not be affected by the reorganization plan.
使用人与被用人之间是不真正的连带债务，使用人对被用者的追偿应限于被用者的重过失。
It is not the real joint debt that exists between the user and the used, and the compensation for the used is supposed to be the gross negligence of the used.
而之后，村里领导，承担连带债务责任的4名村民以及MFI的一位负责人一道来到佩特家。
An MFI officer arrived, along with the village head and the four other members of her mother's "joint liability group" -fellow villagers who had taken collective responsibility for the debt.
基于多个法律行为产生的连带债务，其诉讼标的为不同的多个法律关系，这一点没有任何争议。
It's uncontroversial to the point that the objective of joint and several liabilities which are generated from many legality actions includes many different legality relations.
第一百零一条和解债权人对债务人的保证人和其他连带债务人所享有的权利，不受和解协议的影响。
Article 101 the right enjoyed by the creditor in favor of the compromise against the debtor's guarantor and joint-and-several debtors shall not be affected by the compromise agreement.
加强不真正连带债务的研究，有助于正确处理现实生活中大量出现的债务纠纷，具有极强的现实意义。
Strengthening Gesamtschuld study helps to correctly handle a large number of disputes real-life, which is very practical significance.
在单一的终局责任人时，原则上就不真正连带债务人中一人所生的事项仅产生相对效力，例外产生绝对效力。
In the case of sole ultimately responsibility, any issue arising from debtors, in principle, has the relative effect, but the absolute effect in exception.
首先从明确连带债务的意义出发，指出了作为多数人之债的连带债务，其核心在于连带债务人之间的连带关系。
I find the meaning of the joint and several debt and point out that as the joint debts, the core of the joint and several debt is the relationship of joint.
第五十一条债务人的保证人或者其他连带债务人已经代替债务人清偿债务的，以其对债务人的求偿权申报债权。
Article 51 Where the debtor's guarantor or any joint-and-several debtor has paid off the debts on behalf of the debtor, he may declare his claims on the basis of his right of recourse to the debtor.
我国现行《民事诉讼法》将连带债务共同诉讼作为必要共同诉讼的情形之一，要求连带债务人必须共同进行诉讼。
It is unclear why in Chinas present civil procedure law there is a compulsory requirement that parties with joint and several liabilities or claims thereof be united in a single lawsuit.
罗马法把连带债务分为共同连带债和单纯连带债，关于连带债效力的规定对后世大陆法系国家连带责任制度有重大影响。
The contention about the validity of joint debt has a far- reaching influence on later's civil joint and several liability in civil law system.
连带债务制度将数个债务人的财产总和作为保障债权实现的责任财产，最大限度地保护了债权人的利益，促进了交易安全。
The main purpose of the joint and several obligation is to protect the interests of the creditor and to secure the safety of the transaction.
在我国，由于民事立法的先天缺陷，连带债务虽在各民商事法律中有所体现，但较为任意和混乱，理论研究也不够系统成熟。
In China, Because of the congenital limitation of the legislation of civil law, Joint and several debt appears in civil laws disorderly, and there is not a mature theoretical system.
在债务人的内部求偿关系中，求偿权的发生根据有很多争议，本文从连带债务的本质即是由多数债务人分担债务为主要理由作了较合理的解释。
As for the inside claim, there are disputes on the ground of it. The thesis provides reasonable explanation with the reason that the nature of joint and several debt.
合伙人对合伙的债务承担连带责任，法律另有规定的除外。
Partners shall undertake joint liability for their partnership's debts, except as otherwise stipulated by law.
利润由多人分享，债务由多人承担连带责任的公司类型。
A type of company in which all profits and liabilities are shared by more than one person.
这会给其它债务负担沉重的小国以及本国的投资者带来连带效应，从而让冰岛在这场席卷全球的金融风暴中具有了超乎其规模的重要意义。
That could have a cascading effect on other small, debt-ridden countries -- and on the country's investors -- giving the island outsized importance amid the financial pain circling the globe.
入伙的新合伙人对入伙前合伙企业的债务承担连带责任。
The new partner who has been admitted to the partnership shall be jointly and severally liable for the liabilities incurred by the partnership prior to his admission.
入伙的新合伙人对入伙前合伙企业的债务承担连带责任。
The new partner who has been admitted to the partnership shall be jointly and severally liable for the liabilities incurred by the partnership prior to his admission.
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