一些观察员宣称存在一个利益冲突，证券发行者贿赂了估价的机构人员。
Some observers say there is a conflict of interest, as the issuers of securities pay the agencies to rate them.
这种证券是优先债务形式的一种，发行者需要用自己的现金流来偿还，并且要有一定隔离的资产池作为保障，比如说抵押贷款，以免发生不能履行责任的情况。
The instrument is a form of senior debt that is paid back from the issuer's cash flows but is also secured against a ring-fenced pool of assets, such as mortgage loans, in the event of default.
ETN是证券债券，由指数制定者或银行发行，可以在市场上进行交易。ETV和它类似，但发行者是特殊目的机构。
An ETN is a debt security issued by an index provider or a bank and traded on the market; an ETV is similar, but the debt issuer is a special-purpose vehicle.
对发行者来说，有资产抵押证券的成本要比筹集无担保债务低的多，同时它的发行不依赖于证券市场的复苏。
For issuers, the costs of funding are lower than raising unsecured debt, and issuance does not depend on the revival of the securitisation markets.
但如果门槛过低，证券的发行者将涌向最宽松的评级机构。
If barriers are too low, however, issuers will go rating-shopping to the laxest rater.
对于复活的证券市场(优质资产，简单产品，发行者特有的风险)如何运行的问题，人们已经达成一致。
There is broad agreement on how a revived securitisation market would work (high-quality assets, simple products, some retained risk on the part of the issuer).
它也用来描述证券或其他金融工具，比如债务或期票，这些票证包含了发行者必须向其所有者支付的承诺。
It is also used to describe a security or other financial instrument, such as a bond or promissory note, which contains the issuer's undertaking to pay the owner.
那么投资者就可选择最接近自己期望的持票期限的那些期票，直接从发行者手中购买那些证券。
Investors then select those maturities that most closely approximate their expected holding periods and buy the securities directly from the issuer.
在某日（待定）的正常工作期间可从发行者处免费获得证券发售说明书。
The Securities Prospectus will be available free of cost from the Issuer during normal office hours at a date yet to be determined.
在某日（待定）的正常工作期间可从发行者处免费获得证券发售说明书。
The Securities Prospectus will be available free of cost from the Issuer during normal office hours at a date yet to be determined.
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