Cobe的设计只是为了观测最大的结构，但天文学家们也希望看到更小的热点，即星系团和超星系团等局部天体的种子。
Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structures, but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well, the seeds of local objects like clusters and superclusters of galaxies.
但是天文学家辛苦分析这些观测金星凌日的探险活动的结果。
But astronomers laboured hard to analyse the results of these expeditions to observe Venus transits.
在1671年，一位意大利天文学家乔凡尼•卡西尼，描述了他多年以来首次观测到的一个太阳黑子。
Giovanni Cassini, an Italian astronomer, described a sunspot that appeared in 1671 as the first he had seen for many years.
这本书中的主角名叫帕洛玛尔先生，就像天文学观测所的名字那样，只不过，他探索的只是在他周围、离他最近的事物。
Here the hero is called Mr. Palomar, like the astronomical observatory, but he observes only the nearest things around him.''
基于宇宙中观测到的微小万有引力作用，天文学家推断出它们的存在，但暗物质与暗能量本身仍在可直接探测的盲点区。
Astronomers infer their existence based on their gravitational influence on what little bits of the universe can be seen, but dark matter and energy themselves continue to elude all detection.
一个满负荷运作的观测站的到位，对那些热点的解释，以及对遍及宇宙的高能天文学现象的更好的解释，将会在今年内成为可能。
With a full-power observatory in place, that explanation, as well as a better explanation of high-energy astrophysical phenomena throughout the universe, may be available in the years to come.
事实上它应该存在很久了，不过天文学家们一直只能观测到距离太阳第七近的恒星系统。
It's actually been there all along, but astronomers have only now spotted what could be the seventh closest star system to the sun.
对于一些别的星系，天文学家可以通过观测星系怎样扭曲更远的星系发出的光来规避暗物质的问题。
For a number of other galaxies, astronomers can circumvent the dark-matter problem by observing how a galaxy bends the light of more distant galaxies.
这是一颗已经爆炸的恒星的残骸，这颗星可能早在公元185年就被中国的天文学家观测到过。
It is the remains of an exploded star, which may have been observed on Earth in 185ad by Chinese astronomers.
天文学家们已经观测到了数个“爱因斯坦环”。他们来自遥远的星系，被近处的一个大质量物体(通常是另外一个星系)所弯曲，才来到地球。
Astronomers have seen "Einstein rings", formed when light from a distant galaxy is bent by the presence of a nearer massive object, usually another galaxy, that lies directly in its path to Earth.
如果天文学家能够观测到十亿光年外的螺旋星云的金属丰度梯度，我们就可以知道亿万年之前的梯度有多大，因此也就可以知道它是如何随时间变化的。
If astronomers could observe metallicity gradients in spiral galaxies billions of light-years away, we could see how steep the gradients were billions of years ago and thus how they change over time.
1987年2月23日晚，当蜘蛛星云区域内的一颗蓝巨星被观测到已成了超新星时，它引起全世界天文学家的关注。
When a blue giant star in the Tarantula region went supernova, seen on the night of February 23, 1987, it captured the attention of astronomers worldwide.
这个亮源成了我们第一次费米科学交流的话题——在一篇《天文学家电讯》通稿中告知其他天文学家，我们将要观测这个物体。
This bright source was the topic of our very first Fermi scientific communication - an "astronomers Telegram" to communicate to other astronomers that this was an object to watch.
业余天文学家们也已参与寻找有趣的小行星和观测太阳风暴。
They have also looked for interesting asteroids, and kept an eye out for solar storms.
天文学家观测到了一次非常奇怪的宇宙爆炸，以至于他们不知道怎样称呼它。
Astronomers have witnessed a cosmic explosion so strange they don't even know what to call it.
观测的不确定因素并源于天文学家精确的不够，而是距离的问题。
The uncertainties in the measurements don't come from astronomers lack of accuracy, far from it.
由于观测距离很远，光线要花很长时间才能到达地球，天文学家才能在现代观察到遥远的过去的景象。
By looking very far away, because the light takes so long on its journey to reach the Earth, astronomers are effectively able to look back in time to this early era.
但是昨天在意大利的都灵召开的外星系大会上，瑞士天文学家宣称在他们观测的类似星系中，还没有有价值的行星。
But yesterday at an exoplanet meeting in Turin, Italy, Switzerland-based astronomers announced that they could find no trace of the prized planet in their observations of the same planetary system.
通过观测这些微小的变动，天文学家就能对黑洞进行测量。
Watching for those small variations allowed astronomers to take the black hole's measurements.
这些照片是利用密歇根红外组合器(MIRC)拍出来的，该仪器可以帮助天文学家观测到恒星的形状和表面特征。
The images were produced using the Michigan Infra-Red Combiner (MIRC) instrument which allows astronomers to see the shape and surface characteristics of stars.
如今的天文学者可以穿越时空，观测到太阳系外的星球，能够追溯到宇宙的起源。
Our astronomers now observe planets round alien SUNS and peer across vast chasms of space and time, back to the beginning of the universe itself.
但随着观测手段的提高，天文学家们开始找到与地球的大小相近的行星，以及与我们的太阳系拥有大致相同数目行星的行星系统。
But as detection methods improved, astronomers began to find planets closer in size to Earth and planetary systems that contain nearly as many planets as our solar system.
所以天文学家所观测到宇宙中的结构越多，他们就能越好的了解暗能量斥力所触及的范围。
So the more astronomers can measure when and how structures formed in the universe, the better they can understand just how far dark energy's pull reaches.
在观测上，天文学家的范围也是有限的。
Astronomers also have a limited range in which to look for them.
天文学家认为，雨燕观测到的是黑洞吞噬其它恒星的场景，即黑洞在将恒星撕碎并拖进它的重力陷阱的瞬间释放出的能量。
Astronomers think Swift has a dead-on view of the digestive system of a black hole, which is blasting out a jet of energy as it RIPS apart a star trapped in its gravitational fist.
然而，尽管天文学家已经确定古代中国人观测到的是一颗超新星，但没有解释现在所看到的景象。
However, when astronomers had determined that what the Chinese had seen was a supernova, it didn't explain what they could see in modern times.
从1645年起，整整70年得时间里天文学家没有观测到任何太阳黑子。
Beginning in 1645, astronomers monitoring the sun observed no sunspots for 70 years.
从1645年起，整整70年得时间里天文学家没有观测到任何太阳黑子。
Beginning in 1645, astronomers monitoring the sun observed no sunspots for 70 years.
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