衬环法兰的适用温度由设计者根据情况决定。
The bushing ring flange suitable temperature is decided by the designer according to the situation.
在套管或衬管与周围的水泥环之间所形成的小间隙，这些间隙是由于在固井期间或固井之后温度或压力的变化所致。
A small gap that can form between the casing or liner and the surrounding cement sheath, most commonly formed by variations in temperature or pressure during or after the cementing process.
埋入部分包括蜗壳座环、尾水锥管、尾水肘管、机坑里衬等。
The embedding part includes volute socket ring, tail water taper pipe, tail water ell, pit liner and so on.
④对于浅埋大断面大跨度连拱隧道，应及早施作二衬，封闭成环，以改善结构受力。
The secondary support structure and the enclosing of the lining must be established in time to improve the performance of the lining.
研究结果表明：管道内钢衬的厚度对管道的环向动应力集中峰值有很显著的影响，钢衬越薄，动应力集中程度越高；
Analytical results show that steel-line thickness has a significant effect on peak dynamic stress concentration of the pipe, The thinner steel liner, a higher level of dynamic stress concentration;
研究结果表明：管道内钢衬的厚度对管道的环向动应力集中峰值有很显著的影响，钢衬越薄，动应力集中程度越高；
Analytical results show that steel-line thickness has a significant effect on peak dynamic stress concentration of the pipe, The thinner steel liner, a higher level of dynamic stress concentration;
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