贝克的研究着重于表观基因组的变化如何导致癌症。
Beck's work focuses on how changes to the epigenome can lead to cancer.
一周后科学家将蠕虫取出，然后观察蠕虫表观基因组的改变。
After about a week the scientists take out the worms. They look for changes in the worms' epigenome.
表观基因组学研究的是分布在控制分子的基因组DNA (叫作甲基群).
Epigenomics studies the distribution over the genome’s DNA of control molecules called methyl groups.
“这意味着酒精影响了小鼠的表观基因组——控制基因的开启或关闭，”Chong说。
"This means that the alcohol was affecting the epigenome of the mice - controlling whether their genes were switched on or off," says Chong.
李斯特和裴里荣拉博士通过描述最早的两个合理完整的人类表观基因组而验证了这个理论。
Dr Lister and Dr Pelizzola have tested this idea by describing the first two reasonably complete human epigenomes.
现在最重要的是，其他研究小组绘制出癌细胞的表观基因组图谱，然后与我们的图谱相比较。
What is important now is for other groups to map the epigenomes of cancer cells and compare those to ours.
吸烟、衰老、压力、大气污染、我们的饮食及许多其他环境因素都能对表观基因组造成破坏。
The epigenome can be disrupted by smoking, ageing, stress, atmospheric pollution, what we eat and drink, and a host of other environmental factors.
之前的研究表明，我们所处环境的变化——从饮食环境到空气环境，都可能损害表观基因组。
Previous studies suggest that changes in our environment, from what we eat to what we breathe in, can cause damage to the epigenome.
通过比较该图谱与病变细胞的表观基因组，科学家将能够弄清表观基因组的变异如何引起癌症及其他疾病的问题。
By comparing this with the epigenomes of diseased cells, scientists will be able to work out how glitches in the epigenome lead to cancers and other diseases.
十年来，科学家一直在试图破解他们所称为的人类“表观基因组”，即所有200种人类细胞中的化学开关模式。
For a decade, scientists have been trying to decipher what they call the human "epigenome", or the pattern of chemical switches in all 200 types of human cell.
我们希望，通过对整个人类表观基因组的认识，科学家能研制出可降低人类患癌风险、甚至可能治愈癌症的药物。
Understanding the whole human epigenome is expected to help scientists develop drugs that can reduce our risk of cancer and potentially reverse it even if it has become established.
许多基因有助于防止肿瘤的生长，但表观基因组遭到破坏时，可能会碰巧把这些具有保护作用的基因切换到关闭状态。
Many genes help to prevent tumours from growing, but disruption of the epigenome can switch these protective genes off by accident.
表观基因组是能告诉细胞中DNA如何表现的化学性状，表观基因组可以被环境改变，这些改变从一代蠕虫传递到下一代。
The epigenome are chemical markers that tell the DNA in the cells how to perform. The epigenome can be changed by the environment. And those changes pass from one generation of worms to the next.
人类携带有许多可以阻止肿瘤生长的基因，但是，如果表观基因组受到了破坏，就会有效地使这些基因沉默，使人体更有可能罹患癌症。
Humans carry a number of genes that stop tumours from growing, but disruption to the epigenome can effectively silence these genes, making it more likely a person will develop cancer.
伦敦大学学院医学基因组学教授斯特凡·贝克(Stefan Beck)说：“多年来我们一直努力完成这个表观基因组的研究项目，现在它终于圆满完成了。”
Stefan Beck, professor of medical genomics at University College London, said: "We've been working for years to get the epigenome project off the ground and finally it's happening."
一个叫做表观修饰(表观遗传学)的过程——它关闭了那些对环境刺激起反应的基因——可能使得他们起作用的基因组和实际的基因组不一致。
A process called epigenesis, which shuts down genes in response to environmental prompts, may make their effective genomes different from their actual ones.
这次会议将强调近年来技术的应用研究的基因组表观遗传学。
This meeting will highlight recent advances in the application of genomics techniques to the study of epigenetics.
这些实验方法已资助在高通量的基因组和表观基因技术，集成系统生物学和生物信息学的巨大进步。
These experimental approaches have been aided by tremendous advances in high-throughput genomic and epigenomic technologies, integrated systems biology and bioinformatics.
这个技术开辟了全基因组范围内和在个别位点层次上分析曼氏血吸虫表观遗传机制的新方法。
This technique opens new ways for analyzing epigenetic mechanisms in S. mansoni at a whole-genome scale and on the level of individual loci.
DNA甲基化是真核细胞基因组最常见的一种表观遗传学修饰。
DNA methylation is one of the most common epigenetic events in eukaryotic cell.
结果表明，小麦异源六倍体物种形成诱发迅速且广泛的基因组遗传变异和表观遗传变异。
The result indicated that speciation ofallopolyploid wheat induced rapid and extensive genetic and epigenetic changes in thegenome.
DNA甲基化是显著的表观遗传标记，并且大量发现于植物基因组中。
DNA methylation is a prominent epigenetic mark and extensively found within plant genomes.
以酵母为模式生物，利用表观遗传，分子遗传和生物化学等手段，研究表观遗传调控在维持基因组稳定性中的作用。
Using yeast as model organism, study the contribution of epigenetic regulation to the maintenance of genomic stability, by epigenetic, molecular genetic and biochemic approaches.
尤其是许多原则的表观遗传控制的基因功能的研究已发现了由基因组印记。
In particular, many principles of the epigenetic control of genome function have been uncovered by studies of genomic imprinting.
因此，分析DNA甲基化在基因组中是至关重要的理解表观遗传学的影响。
Therefore, profiling DNA methylation across the genome is vital to understanding the influence of epigenetics.
本文中，我回顾了一个概念性问题及基于测序的全基因组表观遗传学数据分析的当前可用的软件工具。
In this article, I review some of the conceptual issues and currently available software tools for the analysis of sequencing-based whole-genome epigenetics data.
本文中，我回顾了一个概念性问题及基于测序的全基因组表观遗传学数据分析的当前可用的软件工具。
In this article, I review some of the conceptual issues and currently available software tools for the analysis of sequencing-based whole-genome epigenetics data.
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