这个人就是查理斯•罗伯特•达尔文，这本书叫做《物种起源》，而发起的挑战则是基于自然选择说的进化论。
The book was “On the Origin of Species”. And the challenge was the theory of evolution by natural selection.
“这似乎是自然选择在一个群体中发挥作用的完美机会。”伊拉尔多博士说。
"It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population," said Dr. Ilardo.
这一结果使许多人相信，自然选择在人类身上已经失效，也就是说，我们已经不再进化。
This has led to a belief that natural selection no longer affects humans and, therefore, that we have stopped evolving.
“我认为，多了解体育锻炼是如何演变的，以及体育锻炼如何成为我们身体的自然选择，以一种特殊的方式，为坚持体育锻炼增加了更大的合理性，”他说。
"Adding information about how we evolved to exercise and how exercise is actually woven into our body's natural selection, in a special way, I think, adds extra relevance," he says.
人类进化研究院的院长塔特索尔说，自然选择不能让令人喜欢的东西自行存在
"Natural selection can't call things into existence just because they are desirable, " says Tattersall, one of the deans of human evolutionary research. "Novelties happen randomly."
刊登这份报告的期刊编辑MylesAxton说他并不认为干态耳垢基因是自然选择的结果。
Myles Axton, the editor of the journal that is publishing the report, said he was not persuaded by the argument that the dry earwax gene had been favored by natural selection.
但这一说也有其困难，它在多大程度上收到自然选择的影响，目前尚不清楚。
But that, too, has its difficulties. Just how much a process like this can be shaped by natural selection is unclear.
佩奇博士说：“自然选择塑造了Y染色体，50年来，我们为Y染色体的退化争论不休，自然选择论更是加剧了这种争论。
“Natural selection is shaping the Y and keeping it vital to a degree that is really at odds with the idea of the last 50 years of a rotting Y chromosome, ” Dr. Page said.
他们说7%的人类基因都有自然选择的标记。
They say that some 7percent of human genes bear the signature of natural selection.
他们说7%的人类基因都有自然选择的标记。
They say that some 7percent of human genes bear the signature of natural selection.
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