同时也很容易以线粒体的结构萃取，因为它属于细胞核外的基因。
And it is easily extracted, because it is one of a handful of genes found outside the cell nucleus, in structures called mitochondria.
许多人认为，线粒体可能发挥更大的作用-包含细胞内的细胞核外的遗传物质。
Many believe mitochondria may play a bigger role - genetic material contained within the cell but outside the nucleus.
线粒体基因组作为细胞核外的一种遗传系统，具有完整性、多态性、自主性和小型性等独特的优点。
As a unique cytoplasmic genetic system, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a kind of complete, small, self-replica ting and diverse genome.
结合物的细胞核基因是人类的，但是一小部分其它基因（位于细胞核外的称为线粒体的组织里面）来自兔子的遗传。
The nuclear genes of the result would be human, but a handful of other genes, which inhabit structures outside the nucleus, called mitochondria, would be inherited from the rabbit.
细胞外的信号通过蛋白与蛋白和蛋白与配体的作用由细胞表面传送到细胞核。
The transmission of an extracellular signal from the surface of the cell to the nucleus by a relay of protein-protein and protein-ligand interactions.
PHA刺激对淋巴细胞核内、外DBP的信号均有增高作用； DBP可能参与淋巴细胞的母细胞转化以及细胞间遗传信息的传递。
The results suggests that the PHA stimulation may affect both intranuclear and extranuclear DBP signals, and DBP may involve lymphoblastogenesis and inter-cellular genetic information transduction.
但同细胞核转基因一样，叶绿体转基因也存在抗生素标记的生物安全性和外源基因的过量表达对植物正常生长发育的影响的问题。
But the same as nuclear transformation, plastid transformation also has the problems of bio-safety of antibiotic markers and development obstacles due to the overexpression of foreign gene.
但同细胞核转基因一样，叶绿体转基因也存在抗生素标记的生物安全性和外源基因的过量表达对植物正常生长发育的影响的问题。
But the same as nuclear transformation, plastid transformation also has the problems of bio-safety of antibiotic markers and development obstacles due to the overexpression of foreign gene.
应用推荐