令人惊讶的是，病毒是理解细胞决定形成的理想模型。
Surprisingly, viruses appear to be good models for understanding this type of cellular decision-making.
因此，你的斗鱼的颜色由处于皮肤不同层次的色素细胞决定。
Therefore, your betta colour is determined by the colour pigments in their colour cells which are found within the layers of the skin.
了解干细胞的“细胞决定”是理解组织内稳态及畸变发生导致疾病的至关重要部分。
Knowing the identity of the stem cell is crucial to understanding tissue homeostasis and its aberrations upon disease.
但是，病毒知道他们的宿主- - -它们可以不被发现的侵入细胞，关掉警报系统，削弱细胞决定自身基因表达的权威。
But viruses know their hosts well-they can break into cells undetected, switch off alarm systems, and undermine the cell's authority in deciding which genes get expressed.
如果你把它们展开，你会发现它们含有特定的基因，特定的DNA序列，这些基因序列有助于决定身体细胞的发育。
If you stretch them out you will find they contain certain genes, certain sequences of DNA that help determine how the cells of the body will develop.
正是这些串珠状的DNA 链的结构决定了它们所在细胞的命运。
It is the structure of these beaded DNA strings that guide the fate of the cells in which they are located.
雌性储存精子，可以通过受精或不受精来决定每一个卵细胞的性别。
A female stores sperm and can determine the sex of each egg she lays by fertilizing it or leaving it unfertilized.
研究人员不知道他们的青蛙细胞能存活多长时间，所以他们决定马上冷冻他们。
The researchers had no idea how long their frog cells would last and so decided to freeze them at once.
当试验显示具攻击性的细胞已经出现时，夏洛特决定不细说。
When the tests revealed invasive cells, Charlotte took the decision not to elaborate.
推论是甲基化模式通过控制蛋白质的合成从而决定形成什么样的细胞.
The presumption is that the pattern of methylation, by controlling which proteins are manufactured, helps determine what type of cell is produced.
他们发表在《细胞新陈代谢》上的研究报告表明，兹尔罗斯博士和她的研究小组决定研究消耗葡萄糖最多的部位之一——肌肉组织。
As they report in Cell Metabolism, Dr Zierath and her team decided to look at one of the main consumers of glucose: muscle tissue.
至于我们的细胞为何不能修复身体中的各种微小毛病，柯克伍德教授认为，这是由我们DNA的先天构造决定的。
Professor Kirkwood’s theory behind why our cells do not mend every tiny problem in our body is that it is built into our DNA.
研究人员决定研究骨钙素(造骨细胞产生的蛋白质)的作用。
The researchers decided to examine the role of osteocalcin, a protein produced by osteoblasts.
决定产自一系列并行运作的动态系统，其下有彼此沟通的神经细胞——脑做支撑。
Decisions emerge from a collection of dynamic systems that run in parallel and are underpinned by nerve cells that talk to each other - the brain.
哪些细胞首先接受到了图像信息，决定了这些信息由哪个通道传送到脑。
Depending on what cells picks up the image first depends on what channel they are sent to the Brian for interpreting.
从细胞层次看，那看来似乎是个愚蠢的决定，但是那不是我做出决定的层次。
From a cellular level, that might seem like a foolish decision. But that isn't the level at which I made the decision.
你可以因为你相信胚胎没有道德地位而反对布什的对干细胞研究的决定，也可以因你认为胚胎有道德地位而反对奥巴马的决定。
You can object to Bush's stem-cell decision because you believe embryos have no moral standing, or to Obama's decision because you think they do.
Bar-Joseph及其同事指出，果蝇是通过定时安排而不是对周边数目进行统计来决定哪个细胞发育成硬毛的。
The flies' trick lies in using timing instead of a neighborhood census to determine which cell becomes a bristle, Bar-Joseph and his colleagues report.
1972年当时在剑桥大学的一位生物学家SydneyBrenner，决定计算出一种称作c . elegans的小线虫纲蠕虫的神经系统的每一个细胞连接。
In 1972 Sydney Brenner, a biologist then at Cambridge University, decided to work out the connections of every cell in the nervous system of a small nematode worm called C. elegans.
研究人员指出，鱼油中所含的ω-3脂肪酸可保护基因“保险丝”，而该“保险丝”决定了细胞寿命的长短。
Omega-3 fattyacids from fish oil preserve the genetic "fuse" that determines thelifespan of cells, say scientists.
按照这一逻辑，Miesenboeck指出，构成“评论家”的细胞是决定智商的重要因素。
Following this logic, Miesenboeck figures the cells that make up the "critic" are a key ingredient in intelligence.
给出一个细胞和它的邻居在时间t时的状态，规则会决定在时间t +1时细胞的状态。
Given a cell's state and the state of its neighbors at time t, the rule determines the cell's state at time t + 1.
因此，蔡决定去看看他们是否有任何受损的脑细胞与她的小鼠的影响。
So Tsai decided to see if they would have any effect on her mice with damaged brain cells.
可以看到每一个细胞的颜色都是由上一行中它自己的颜色和最近的邻居的颜色根据 150规则所决定的。
You can see that each cell's color is determined by its own color and its immediate neighbors' colors from the row above, according to rule 150.
休斯顿德克萨斯大学的一支团队决定使用骨髓干细胞来治疗儿童的脑部创伤，因为这种治疗方法对孩子们也安全。
The use of bone marrow stem cells is safe in treating children with brain trauma, a team from the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston determined.
英国——这个迄今最不歇斯底里的国家之一，最近对是否从兔子卵细胞的细胞质中制造出嵌合体细胞以及人类细胞核是否非法推迟作出决定。
Britain, so far one of the least hysterical countries, recently postponed a decision about whether making chimeric cells out of rabbit-egg cytoplasms and human nuclei should be illegal.
英国——这个迄今最不歇斯底里的国家之一，最近对是否从兔子卵细胞的细胞质中制造出嵌合体细胞以及人类细胞核是否非法推迟作出决定。
Britain, so far one of the least hysterical countries, recently postponed a decision about whether making chimeric cells out of rabbit-egg cytoplasms and human nuclei should be illegal.
应用推荐