第二部分，研究等同原则的基础理论。
The second part is about the research of same basic theoretical principles of equivalence.
第三章为等同原则的实践。
等同原则是专利侵权判定中的一个重要原则。
The doctrine of equivalents is an important principle in patent infringement verdict.
等同原则适用不可避免的要涉及到等同原则的适用流程问题。
It is inevitable to involve the Procedure of Application when we apply this principle.
第三部分具体根据等同原则的适用条件说明了等同原则的适用限制。
The third part describes the applications and the limitations of the Doctrine of Equivalents in some conditions.
因此，等同原则已经成为了国际上公认的一种判定专利侵权的重要原则。
So, the doctrine of equivalents has become an international principle on judging the infringement of patent.
本文论文题目为《专利侵权判断中的等同原则研究》，主要分了四部分。
This article is entitled "Doctrine of Equivalents Research In Patent Infringement", and the article is divided into four parts.
等同原则的出现与适用，为判定专利侵权的成立提供了一套行之有效的方法。
The appearance and application of the equal principle provides a set of effective methods in judging the patent pirate.
与国外有关国家的适用流程相比，我国等同原则的适用流程存在一定的问题。
Compared with some other countrys 'procedure of Application, there is still some problems in the procedure in ours.
但是，从我国法院判例来看，对于等同原则的适用标准仍然存在着不统一的现象。
But the applying standard of the Doctrine of Equivalents was still different in many items.
本部分主要介绍了等同原则和禁止反悔原则的理论基础和对专利侵权判定的作用。
This part mainly introduces the theoretical foundation of the doctrine of equivalents and estoppels and the effect to patent infringement judging.
在美国的影响下，英国、德国、日本等发达国家都在专利侵权诉讼中采用了等同原则。
Under the influence of America, many developed countries, such as England, Germany and Japan have adopted the doctrine of equivalents in the patent infringement action.
功能等同原则应对了电子商务给传统法律带来的挑战，是目前解决数据电文书面形式最好的方法。
As a reply to the challenges brought bye-commerce to the traditional law, the Functional Equivalent Approach is the best way to solve the problem about the written form of the electronic data.
本部分重点阐释了在专利侵权诉讼中与公知技术抗辩原则相近的两个法律原则——等同原则和禁止反悔原则。
This part emphasize on expatiating two close legal principle with the prior art principle in the patent tort suit-equal principle and forbidden regretted principle.
首先对等同原则和禁止反悔原则的概念、特征作了叙述，并针对公知技术抗辩原则与上述两个原则作了概念上的辨析。
Firstly depict the concept and characteristic of the two principles, then differentiate and analyze the concepts between the prior art principle and the two principles above.
等同原则在美国专利侵权判定中的产生与发展、法官及法院对等同原则的理解与把握，充分发挥并展示了其作为制度性工具的利益平衡价值。
Both the generation and development of Doctrine of Equivalent and judges' comprehension and application of this principle, reveal fully its interest balance value as a systematic tool.
不幸地是人们会将这条原则等同于“没有休息地一直工作到死”。
Unfortunately, people can confuse this with "Work till you drop without breaks".
微型小说不等同于“小故事”，它要求作品的内涵要深藏隽永，对“意境”、“蕴藉”的追求成为其美学原则。
Unlike a short story, it requires profound and meaningful connotations and to seeks artistic conception and embodiment is its aesthetic principle.
在这些争论中“非目标生物伤害”、“实质等同性”、“转基因食品要不要贴标签?”“和”预防性原则”成为热门话题。
In these controversies, there are four hot issues, which are, "non?target organisms harmed", "concept of substantial equivalence", "need transgenic foods carry a label?"and "preventive principle".
英美法系的严格责任原则属于无过错责任原则的范畴，基本上等同于无过错责任原则。
The principle of strict liability in Anglo-American law belongs to and nearly equals to the category of no fault liability.
刑事诉讼中不利益禁止变更原则是维护被告人合法权益的重要原则，但在我国刑事诉讼立法中，简单的将不利益禁止变更原则等同于上诉不加刑。
The conflict between the important value of the principle of non-adding penalty in appealing and negative, makes the person always be in dispute state in theory and practice.
简单性原则等同于真理性吗？
简单性原则等同于真理性吗？
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