最后，讨论三维边坡端部效应。
文中提出了一种合理的线圈激磁布局，由此抑制了端部效应。
This paper presents the reasonable coil exciting topology by which end effect is suppressed.
其余方向的位移极值由瑞利波产生，药包轴线方向位移显示出明显的端部效应；
In addition, the extreme displacement values in other directions are caused by Rayleigh wave. The displacement pattern along the axis of the line charge shows an obvious end-effect.
直线电机在执行重复性跟踪控制任务时，负载扰动、端部效应力及摩擦力会呈现周期性变化。
Load disturbance, end effect and friction likely appear periodically when a linear motor carrys out task repeatedly.
研究结果表明：除了板坯端部由于端部效应电磁力有些许发散，在板坯大部分区域，磁场力呈均匀分布。
The research results show:in addition to a slightly divergent appear due to the sheet edge effects of the electromagnetic force, the magnetic field intensity is uniform in the most areas of the sheet.
但系统中存在端部效应、齿槽效应、纹波效应等推力波动，限制了其在高精度数控机床等要求高性能领域的应用。
But in PMLSM, there are end effect, cogging force and ripple disturbance which confine its application as high accuracy numerical control machine.
采用齿谐波低频调制的设计方法，来削弱直线电机固有的端部效应，使推力的波动减小，并进行了多方案计算，得出比较好的设计方案。
The low-frequency slot harmonic modulation is used to weaken the end effect or decrease the wave of the thrust, and the many projects are designed or the better project is selected.
分析矢量控制时，端部效应对永磁同步直线电机电磁推力谐波分量的影响，通过直线电机和旋转电机的实验数据比较，证明了理论分析的正。
The paper analyzes the force harmonics of the permanent magnet synchronous linear motor considering the end effects while the vector control technology is applied.
分析矢量控制时，端部效应对永磁同步直线电机电磁推力谐波分量的影响，通过直线电机和旋转电机的实验数据比较，证明了理论分析的正。
The paper analyzes the force harmonics of the permanent magnet synchronous linear motor considering the end effects while the vector control technology is applied.
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