那些生物个体拥有一些特征，这些特征为它们的生存竞争提供了有力条件，帮助它们更容易地存活下来，并且它们会将自己的基因传给下一代。
Those individuals who possess characteristics that provide them with an advantage in the struggle for existence are more likely to survive and contribute their genes to the next generation.
种群是一定区域内同种生物个体的集合。
A population is a group of organisms of the same species which occupies a given area.
然而对于一些微小生物个体无法直接测量，只有通过间接的方法求得。
However only indirect approaches can be applied to the determination of oxygen demanded by tiny living individuals because in this case it is hard to make direct measurement.
生理生态学的重点在研究生物个体与其环境的物理、化学特征之间的关系。
Physiological ecology focuses on the relationships between individual organisms and the physical and chemical features of their environment.
遗传模式，或者说“基因”，记录于酸碱对序列构成的DNA中，确定着一个生物个体。
The genetic profile - or "genome" - of an organism is determined by recording the full sequence of acid base pairs that make up its DNA.
本发明提供了一种用于获取关于生物个体的生物节律的信息的简单、低侵入性的方法。
It is intended to provide a convenient and low invasive method for acquiring information regarding a biological rhythm of an individual organism.
文章还探讨了本食物链各环节积累铜的主要途径以及影响生物个体铜的累积量的诸因素。
The transport approaches of copper in seawater and in this food chain, as well as some factors affecting the copper quantity accumulated by organisms were discussed.
遗传再现了生物物种过去适应环境的成功经验，变异则可视为生物个体本身的环境对策。
Heredity reflects the successful experience of adaptation of a species in the past? And variation is the environmental strategies of an individual organism.
然而，仅仅在最近，研究者们已经开始发现同细胞间一样的生物个体间的非- DNA遗传的分子学证据。
Only recently, however, have researchers begun to find molecular evidence of non-DNA inheritance between organisms as well as between cells.
此前，有些科学家认为具有某种特质的同种生物个体比起数量相同、不同种的生物个体在某项任务中的表现更好。
Until now, some scientists havethought that many individuals of the same species with certain talentscould perform specific tasks better than the same number of individualsfrom different species.
自我意识的发展和个体认同的概念是使我们成为人类的神经生物学变化的关键部分。
The development of self-consciousness and the notion of individual identity were critical parts of the neurobiological changes that made us human.
这是一个综合结果，个体行为和生物体的倾向性，如何处理营养物质，储存或使用它们。
"It is the combination of behavior and the organism's propensity for what to do with nutrients it takes in," whether to store or use them.
这个模型认为大部分的个体之间的行为差异可以用文化和社会生活来解释，而生物学因素作用很弱，充其量处于次要地位。
This assumes that most behavioural differences between individuals are explicable by culture and socialisation, with biology playing at best the softest of second fiddles.
研究人员热切希望生产出“非接触性”生物识别系统，能在远处对所有个体进行身份认证。
Researchers are eager to produce 'non-contact' biometric systems that can check any individual's identity at a distance.
现在则投向更个体化的药物，即更有效治疗小部分病患的生物技术药物。
Now they are investing in more personalised medicine: biotech drugs that treat small groups of patients more effectively.
如今，一项新研究发现：生物钟调节的方向会影响个体的安康——至少对于垂暮之年的老鼠来说是如此。
Now a new study shows that the direction in which the clock is changed affects the well-being of an individual-at least when the individual is an old mouse.
化石展示了人们所认知的“适应性辐射”,这也从生物学的角度解释了一定时期内急剧的生物多样性现象,致使个体物种的分化没有被世人所察觉.
The fossils show what is known as an adaptive radiation. This is biology-speak for a period of diversification so fast that the individual splits cannot be distinguished.
第三种变化现在也可加入这个队伍：随着温度上升，生物体变得越小：从整个群落到个体。
A third change can now be added to that list: As temperatures rise, organisms get smaller, from the scale of whole communities down to the individual.
无论这个体系多么奇妙，物理、生物法则不可被颠覆。
No matter how wonderful the system is, the laws of physics and biology still apply.
他在《科学》杂志上的报告中说，发现了一组细小的骨头。从化石的腹腔尺寸来看(见上图，已标明多余的骨头)，这些骨头明显属于同种生物的较小个体。
As he reports in Science, he found an array of tiny bones, apparently belonging to a small specimen of the same species, in the fossil's abdominal cavity (see above; the extra bones are highlighted).
尽管浩瀚的宇宙中有成千上万个体积与地球相似的行星，但它们的环境往往过于恶劣而不足以支持外星生物的生存。
Even though there may be tens of thousands of other distant planets similar in size to Earth, the conditions on them are likely to be too hostile to support life-forms such as et.
使恐龙虾在几次重大的物种灭绝中存活下来的不仅仅是其卵强大的生存能力，还要归功于其独特的生理构造。恐龙虾是雌雄同体生物，一个个体就能繁衍出一个群体。
Not only are the shrimp unique for having survived several major extinctions, they also can have both male and female reproductive parts so just one can generate a new colony.
由于个体种化石的的数量统计随着时间的推移而变化，研究生物灭绝的古生物学家们更倾向于对称为类的有相互联系的整个物种种群进行统计研究。
Rather than counting individual species of fossils,which vary over time, palaeontologists who study extinction usually countentire groups of related species, called genera.
由于个体种化石的的数量统计随着时间的推移而变化，研究生物灭绝的古生物学家们更倾向于对称为类的有相互联系的整个物种种群进行统计研究。
Rather than counting individual species of fossils,which vary over time, palaeontologists who study extinction usually countentire groups of related species, called genera.
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