许多生物变化过程都是由激素控制的。
当茎死亡时，它的激素信号也停止了。
这些激素长期保持高水平与心脏病有关。
Chronically high levels of these hormones have been linked to heart disease.
首先，它产生的应激激素会导致许多健康问题。
First, it produces stress hormones that can lead to many health problems.
例如，来自大脑下丘脑的激素会刺激垂体前叶。
For example, hormones from the hypothalamus in the brain stimulate the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
很明显，乙烯是水果中天然的植物激素，使水果成熟。
Ethylene is the natural plant hormone in fruit that makes them turn ripe, apparently.
它可能通过食欲控制激素的活动来干扰身体的新陈代谢。
It interferes with the body's metabolism, possibly via the activity of an appetite-controlling hormone.
短时间内这些激素会产生积极的影响，包括改善记忆功能。
In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function.
对于更年期妇女，这结果并没有改变关于联合激素治疗的建议。
The results do not change recommendations concerning combination hormone therapy for the two-thirds of menopausal women.
最近，我们测试了这种激素在大脑外部起到一种作用的可能性。
Recently, we tested the possibility that one of the hormone's actions outside the brain might be responsible.
短时间内这些激素会产生积极的影响，其中包括改善记忆功能。
In short bursts, these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function.
当人们睡眠不足时，他们体内的应激激素水平会升高，造成免疫功能下降。
When people are sleep-deprived, there are higher levels of stress hormones in their bodies, which can decrease immune function.
考特曼认为，这种保持神经元功能的激素可能会阻止活跃的人的大脑恶化。
Cotman believes this hormone, which keeps neurons functioning, may prevent the brains of active humans from deteriorating.
这是通过一个复杂的化学信使系统来完成的，在植物中包括激素和其他调节分子。
This is accomplished by a complex system of chemical messengers that in plants include hormones and other regulatory molecules.
塞曼发现，情绪上感到孤独的老年人即使在睡觉时也会保持较高的应激激素水平。
Seeman found that elderly people who felt emotionally isolated maintained higher levels of stress hormones even when asleep.
以甜瓜薄皮自交系为材料，研究了外植体、苗龄、激素等因素对甜瓜离体再生的影响。
The thin-skin muskmelon inbred lines were used to study the effects of explants, seedling age, and hormones on plant in vitro regeneration.
甲状腺位于颈部的底部附近，是一个很大的内分泌腺体，它产生激素，协助控制生长和新陈代谢。
Located near the base of the neck, the thyroid is a large endocrine gland that produces hormones that help control growth and metabolism.
这一发现提出了长期存在的证据，即纤维可能会降低女性的循环激素水平，这可以解释风险降低的原因。
The finding points to longstanding evidence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk.
这一发现指出了长期存在的证据，即纤维可能会降低雌性激素的循环水平，这可以解释风险降低的原因。
The finding points to long-standing evidence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk.
芝加哥西北大学的费利斯博士说：“当人们睡眠不足时，他们体内的应激激素水平会升高，这会降低免疫功能。”
"When people are sleep-deprived, there are higher levels of stress hormones in their bodies which can decrease immune function," says Doctor Felice of Northwestern University in Chicago.
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