在结构承受较大初始荷载情况下，二次受力问题对加固梁的抗弯刚度、极限承载能力、延性存在一定影响；
When the initial load is big, the secondary load could influence the performances of CFRP reinforcement on all aspects as mentioned above.
按照这种方法，只须在结构上施加一组虚拟荷载，进行一次静力求解即可得到指定截面的内力影响线。
By applying a set of virtual concentrated loads to the structure and performing a static solution once only, the desired influence line can be obtained.
目前，我国地铁车站设计中普遍采用的一次加载的计算模式，也没有考虑盖挖施工临时路面体系传递的竖向荷载。
Presently, the complete loading calculation mode is widely used as the design method of the metro station, but the vertical load from the temporary road surface system isn't taken into account.
多层建筑物的钢框架是梁、次梁或桁梁，以及柱子的体系，用以承受结构的全部重力荷载和抵抗风荷及地震力。
The steel framing of a multi-storey building is a system of beams, girders or trusses, and columns, designed to carry all the gravity loads of the structure and to resist wind and earth-quake forces.
计算软土次固结的常用方法没有反映荷载变化的影响，实际上只适用于正常固结土。
The conventional method to compute secondary consolidation of soft soils does not reflect the influence of load. It is only applicable to the normally consolidated soils actually.
研究结果表明，在初始荷载小于极限承载力20%的情况下，可以忽略二次受力的影响。
The results show that the effect of secondary load can be neglected if initial load is less than 20% of ultimate capacity.
研究表明，这种组合线形不能按等效荷载法来计算预应力的作用，而应采用约束次弯矩法来计算。
Researches show that the equivalent load method couldn't be used to calculate the prestressing action in the combination form, but the method of restraining secondary moments should be used.
并且，以1000次循环振次为例，给出一定静荷载作用下，软土地基上单桶基础可以承受的最大循环荷载的范围。
And the range of cyclic loads that single bucket foundation can be subjected has been determined under certain static loads for 1000 number of cycles to failure.
隧道衬砌在浅埋段的结构荷载计算表明，复合式衬砌中的初期支护和二次衬砌一般要共同承担荷载。
The calculation of structural load on the lining of tunnel with shallow overburden shows that the load on composite lining will be shared by primary support and secondary lining.
当冻融次数少于15次时，钢筋极限粘结荷载时的滑移变化不大，而冻融次数多于15次时滑移变化明显增大。
The slip of reinforcement corresponding to the ultimate bond strength changes slightly up to 15 freezing and thawing cycles and greatly more than 15 cycles.
利用塑性极限分析和非线性有限元分析方法计算并验证了结构在考虑次内力作用时的极限荷载。
Based on plastic analysis and non-linear finite element analysis, the structure's load-bearing capacity under secondary internal forces is calculated and certified.
通过虚功原理和单位荷载法分析了均布荷载作用下一次超静定梁的弹塑性加载及变形过程。
By using of virtual work principle and the unit-load method, the elastic-plastic process of loading and deflection of a beam with one degree of indeterminacy under an even load is analyzed.
上海中心大厦在长期荷载作用下结构竖向构件间的差异变形会在水平构件中产生较大的次内力。
The differential deformation between vertical structural members of the Shanghai Tower can cause secondary internal forces in horizontal structural members.
为研究支盘桩在不同土质中重复加载下的工程性状，分别对一个双盘模型支盘桩在粉土和粉质黏土中进行5次重复加载–卸载试验，所加最大荷载小于该模型桩的极限承载力。
The model pile with two plates is loaded and unloaded for 5 times in silt and silty clay to study the engineering behavior of pile with plates and branches under repeated loading in different soils.
现有计算软土次固结变形的常用方法是不考虑荷载对其影响的。
The conventional method of computing the secondary consolidation of soft soils does not reflect the influence of load.
全跨均布荷载作用下，矢跨比0.1的拱极值点屈曲和二次分岔屈曲极限承载力均大于其他拱。
For a secondary bifurcation buckling load, the limit load carried capacity of the arch of 0.1 rise-span ratio is the biggest one under a full span load distribution.
提出了预应力筋束分步张拉施工与荷载控制方法，以减小管壁混凝土的轴向次弯矩。
The methods are suggested to determine the tensile steps and the tensile forces of prestressed strands for decreasing the secondary bending moment along the axial of the penstock.
采用荷载结构法对二次衬砌进行了长期安全性评估。
Load structure method was used for the lining of the secondary support's long-term safety assessment.
在高压固结仪上，对3种原状软土13个试样进行了反复加卸荷载的一维固结试验，研究了反复荷载作用下软土的次固结特性。
Based on a number of oedometer tests on 13 soil samples, the influence of repeated loading on the secondary consolidation properties is investigated.
二次衬砌所受荷载大小与其施筑时间有很大的关系，在设计和施工中要合理掌握二次衬砌所承担的荷载比例和以及施筑时间。
The magnitude of the load was affected by the construction duration. It is necessary to know the distribution of load and the construction duration when we design and construct such tunnels.
本文通过对预应力混凝土屋架的荷载-挠度曲线分析，说明预应力混凝土屋架在强度极限状态时，屋架的挠度是不小的。因此，由屋架的变位引起的上弦次弯矩影响是不可忽略的。
Through the analysis of the load-deflection curves of prestressed concrete roof trusses, it is shown that these trusses deflect a considerable amount in the state of ultimate strength.
本文通过对预应力混凝土屋架的荷载-挠度曲线分析，说明预应力混凝土屋架在强度极限状态时，屋架的挠度是不小的。因此，由屋架的变位引起的上弦次弯矩影响是不可忽略的。
Through the analysis of the load-deflection curves of prestressed concrete roof trusses, it is shown that these trusses deflect a considerable amount in the state of ultimate strength.
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