目的：为带蒂腹横肌瓣转位修复膈缺损提供解剖学基础。
Objective: to provide anatomic basis for the pedicled transverses abdomen displacement for repairing the defect of diaphragm.
然而，至今没有任何系统性回顾评断腹横肌平面阻滞减轻术后疼痛的成效。
However, there have not been any systematic reviews evaluating the effectiveness of the TAP block in reducing pain after surgery.
方法：在40侧新生儿尸体标本上，解剖观测腹横肌的形态、血供及神经支配。
Methods: The morphology, vessels of transverses, abdomen were observed and measured on 40 sides of infant cadavers.
有许多评估腹横肌平面阻滞成效并比较其与其他方式的研究正在进行中或正等待发表。
There are many studies currently underway or awaiting publication which assess the effectiveness of the TAP block and compare it with other techniques.
方法不缝合腹膜，在腹膜外将皮肤、皮下组织、腹外斜肌腱膜、腹内斜肌、腹横肌一层缝合。
Methods full thickness suture out of the peritoneum which consist of skin subcutaneous tissues aponeurosis of obliquus externus abdominis obliquus internus abdominis transverses abdominis.
方法：制备豚鼠结肠纵肌和横肌肌条，观察不同剂量白芍总甙及工具药对离体结肠肌收缩活性的效应。
Methods: the transverse and longitudinal contraction role of smooth colon muscle strips at the different dosage of TGP and other medicine was separately observed.
这份评论涵括了八份研究，共有358位参与者显示仅有有限的证据证实腹横肌平面阻滞能改善腹部手术后的疼痛。
We have included eight studies, with a total of 358 participants in this review, that show some limited evidence that TAP blocks improve pain relief after abdominal surgery.
腹股沟区有三个重要的解剖结构即腹横筋膜、髂耻束、耻骨肌孔与腹股沟疝分型有密切关系。
There was relationship between the grouping of inguinal hernia and three important anatomic structure(transverse fascia, iliopubic tract and myopectineal orifice).
确认横突肌筋膜后对其松解以显露发出的神经根。
The intertransverse membrane is identified and released to expose the exiting nerve root.
横轴ct对眼外直肌横径的测量较为准确。
Axial CT is more accurate for measuring the transverse diameter of the extraocular muscles.
此改进的术式与常规术式不同之处在于将上睑提肌缩短术与上横韧带悬吊术两种手术相结合。
The difference between this improve surgery and the routine surgery is that combine levator muscle shortness and superior transverse ligament suspension.
结论：前、中斜角肌在颈椎横突前、后结节均有起点，该交叉起点可能是上干型胸廓出口综合征的主要原因。
Conclusion:Anterior and middle scalene muscles have starting points in transverse processes of cervical vertebra. Those decussating starting points are the main cause of thorax exit syndrome.
目的探讨以颈横血管为蒂的斜方肌肌皮瓣的应用解剖学基础。
Objective to study the anatomic basis of trapezius myocutaneous flap pedicled with transverse cervical artery (TCA).
结论：冷冻和化学固定后，骨骼肌基膜、横小管、终池等结构存在着不同的形态特点。
Conclusion: There existed different morphological features in skeletal muscle after chemical and cryo fixation, especially in triad region.
材料与方法：分别测量100例和80例冠状和横轴ct扫描双眼内、外、上、下直肌及上斜肌横径和高径。
Materials and methods: The transverse diameter and height of extraocular muscles of both eyes were measured in 100 cases with coronal and 80 cases with axial CT scans.
结果：颈横动脉浅支主要分支有肩胛冈支和斜方肌支。
Results:The spine scapular branch and trapezius muscle branch are two main branches of the superficial branch of the transverse carvial artery.
结论：在颈横动脉肩胛冈支和斜方肌支分支前结扎动脉干，可以斜方肌支—肩胛冈支为蒂设计肩胛冈骨瓣转位行枕颈融合的术式。
Conclusions: spine scapula flap transposition with trapezius muscle branch and spine scapula branch is an ideal surgical method in occipito cervical fusion.
方法所用胸大肌肌皮瓣制作成横形并列双叶瓣形式进行转移。
Method The pectoral major myocutaneous was transfered with horizontal double lobe flaps.
结果：前斜角肌起于第3 ~6颈椎横突的前后结节，中斜角肌起于第2 ~7或2 - 6颈椎横突的前后结节。
Results: Anterior scalene muscle originates from transverse processes of 3 ~ 6 cervical vertebrae. Middle scalene muscle starts from transverse processes of 2 ~ 7 or 2 ~ 6 cervical vertebrae.
结论：肱三头肌外侧头肌支有足够长度和横径，在肌门处可无张力移位至肌皮神经肱二头肌支及部分腋神经肌支。
Conclusions: Radial nerve branches of LHT have both enough length and diameter to anastomose nerve branches of musculocutaneous nerve and partial axillaris nerve;
结论：肱三头肌外侧头肌支有足够长度和横径，在肌门处可无张力移位至肌皮神经肱二头肌支及部分腋神经肌支。
Conclusions: Radial nerve branches of LHT have both enough length and diameter to anastomose nerve branches of musculocutaneous nerve and partial axillaris nerve;
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