你知道，一个人所有的遗传信息都包含在一个叫做染色体的长DNA片段上。
You know that all of a person's genetic information is contained on very long pieces of DNA called Chromosomes.
当每次染色体分裂时——即当每次一个细胞分裂成两个时——染色体的尾部，也就是端区，就会发生断裂。
Every time the Chromosome divides—every time one cell divides into two—pieces of the ends of the Chromosome, the telomere, get broken off.
无论如何，如果我们检查这些螺旋状DNA的末端，我们会发现每条人类染色体的末端都有一个被称作“端粒”的 DNA序列。
Anyway, if we examine these ends of these coils of DNA, we will find a sequence of DNA at each end of every human Chromosome, called a telomere.
四倍体是指在细胞顶部包含4组染色体的细胞。
Tetraploidy means cells containing 4 sets of chromosomes atop.
着丝点是染色体的主缢痕，在这个地方姐妹染色单体连在一起。
Centromere is the primary constriction on the chromosome, a region at which the sister chromatids are held together.
我们检查了染色体的数量和结构。
染色体的数量和长度随物种而不同。
The number and size of chromosomes varies from species to species.
然后就是染色体的因素。
她就是加尔各答染色体的一部分。
他们说x染色体的基因在自闭症中起着作用。
They suggest that genes on the X chromosome play a role in autism.
DNA分析也显示仅仅一个染色体的一小部分被转移。
The DNA analyses also show that only a small part of a chromosome was transferred.
在动物实验中发现一种能阻断艾滋病毒整合入人类染色体的药物。
A drug that stops the HIV virus from stitching itself into human chromosomes is found to fight AIDS in an animal study.
另一个大谜团是这些蜥蜴到底是如何分解最初加倍的染色体的呢？
Another big unknown is precisely how the lizards end up with double the amount of chromosomes in the first place.
唯一的区别在于染色体的水平，它埋藏在胚胎细胞的深处。
The only difference is at the chromosomal level, deep inside the embryos' cells.
该项技术使医生可以检测妇女卵细胞中携带人类遗传密码的染色体的缺陷。
The technique allows doctors to check a woman's eggs for defective chromosomes, the structures that carry the human genetic code.
有两个X染色体的是female, XY染色体的是male。
A human with two X chromosomes is female, while someone with an X and a Y is male.
其中大部分的案例都与传统理论相符，染色体的损坏是常年累积的结果。
In most cases, the damage seen to the chromosomes fitted with the conventional picture of cancer creeping up over many years.
这些新的发现来自对大量野生和驯化水稻品种在3个染色体的630个基因段测序。
The new findings were reached by resequencing 630 gene fragments on three chromosomes from a wide variety of wild and domesticated rice strains.
这些基因也可以在染色体上准确定位，这些染色体的位置导致了父母的症状。
They were also able to identify precise locations on the chromosomes where they break apart to allow recombination of genes contributed by both the mother and father.
细胞用来分离染色体的精细机器，是由成千上万被称为微管的微型管状组织组装而成的。
Hundreds of tiny tube-like structures, called microtubules, make up the machinery that cells use to separate the chromosomes.
有可能，科学家依据哪个能够用来进行测试，可以看到样本中线粒体或Y染色体的遗传相似性。
It's possible scientists could have looked at genetic similarities in the mitochondria or even Y chromosome of samples as well, depending on what's available to test.
三位科学家发现了端粒的工作机理，这种(酉每)可以产生DNA的微小部分，包裹染色体的顶端。
The scientists discovered the workings of telomerase, an enzyme that produces tiny units of DNA that seal off the tips of chromosomes.
有两条染色体(染色体x和染色体y)参与到这个过程中，这些染色体的组合将会决定婴儿的性别。
There are two chromosomes (chromosome X and chromosome y) involved in this process, and a combination of these chromosomes will determine the gender of the baby.
我们身体中的大部分细胞都含有叫作染色体的DNA分子长链。染色体在其两端有保护帽，叫做端粒。
Most of the cells in our bodies contain long molecules of DNA called chromosomes that have protective caps at either end called telomeres.
他们发现，那些染色体的形态和肿瘤自身细胞的完全相同，说明至少一些血管细胞是来自肿瘤内部的。
They found patterns exactly like those in cells from the tumor itself, suggesting that at least some of the blood vessel cells came from the tumor.
在研究生物学老化问题的领域，近年来科学家们把注意力集中在被称作染色体的细胞DNA长分子上。
The field of biological aging has in recent years focused on the long molecules of DNA contained in human cells called chromosomes.
这项此前在爬行动物界未被确认的发现，意味着“这些蜥蜴具有区分同源的姊妹染色体的能力，”鲍曼说。
This discovery, which had until now been unconfirmed in the reptile world, means that "these lizards have a way of distinguishing sister from homologous chromosomes, " Baumann says.
1号染色体的排序是来自英国和美国的150名专家历时10年完成的，首次由《自然》杂志在网上公开。
The sequence of chromosome 1, which is published online by the journal Nature, took a team of 150 British and American scientists 10 years to complete.
1号染色体的排序是来自英国和美国的150名专家历时10年完成的，首次由《自然》杂志在网上公开。
The sequence of chromosome 1, which is published online by the journal Nature, took a team of 150 British and American scientists 10 years to complete.
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