大的原子群和分子群的有序排列是极不可能的。
Ordered arrangements of large groups of atoms and molecules are highly improbable.
后来，他发现了一个太阳黑子群，它存在时间很长，从太阳的西边消失，又在东边出现，最后又回到原来的位置。
Afterwards he found a sunspot group which lived long enough to disappear from view on the western limb of the sun, to reappear on its eastern limb, and finally to regain its old position.
本文对闭群和真子群进行了分类。
In this paper, closed groups and proper subgroup are classified.
有像维吾尔族多兰和艾诺尔这样的子群体。
第二，一个由大量子群构成的多样化人口；
second, a diverse population with a large number of subgroups;
接近太阳表面中心之处，一个黑子群清晰可见。
Close to the centre of the sun, a group of sunspots is visible.
论证了粒子群优化算法在边坡工程中的实用性。
It demonstrates the practicability of particle swarm optimization method in slope engineering.
粒子群算法是一类基于群智能的随机优化算法。
Particle swarm algorithm was an optimized algorithm based on swarm intelligence.
现在，我们不讨论单个的粒子，我们讨论粒子群。
Now, instead of talking about individual particles, we talk about ensembles of particles.
粒子群优化算法是一种新型、高效的进化计算方法。
Particle swarm optimization algorithm is a new and efficient evolutionary computation method.
说明：这个是详细的粒子群算法代码。大家可以借鉴参考。
This is the detailed particle swarm optimization code. We can learn from the reference.
粒子群优化(PSO)算法是基于群体智能理论的优化算法。
Particle swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is based on swarm intelligence theory.
每个子群精确的包含一个幂等元，也就是这个子群的单位元。
Each subgroup contains exactly one idempotent, namely the identity element of the subgroup.
粒子群优化算法是一种基于种群搜索策略的自适应随机算法。
Particle swarm optimization is a kind of self-adaptive random algorithm based on group hunting strategy.
研究迷向子群的结构是有限域上典型群几何中的一个重要问题。
To study the structure of isotropy subgroups is an important problem in geometry of classical groups over finite fields.
求解机组组合问题的嵌入贪婪搜索机制的改进粒子群优化算法。
An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm embedded with greedy search for solution of unit commitment.
粒子群优化(PSO)算法对于多峰搜索问题一直存在早熟收敛问题。
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm has existed premature convergence for multimodal search problems.
然而在粒子群优化算法中，早熟现象时有发生，从而制约了算法的性能。
Particle Swarm Optimization as a Swarm Intelligence algorithm, has strong global search capability, can be used for training neural network to overcome the defect of BP algorithm.
整体晶体基（又称为典范基）在量子群及其表示理论中起着重要的作用。
The global crystal basis or canonical basis plays an important role in the theory of the quantum groups and their representations.
为了加快粒子群算法的收敛速度，论文在传统粒子群算法中引入了记忆机制。
In order to speed up convergence, this paper implants the memory mechanism in the traditional binary PSO.
粒子群算法操作简便、容易实现且全局搜索功能较强，适用于非线性参数估计。
Considering that the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is quite simple and easy to implement, it was used to estimate the nonlinear model parameters in this paper.
纳米粒子是粒径为纳米级的粒子，由数目极少的原子或分子组成的原子群或分子群。
Nanoparticles are particles or groups of atoms or molecules nanometers in size.
提出了一种新颖的基于分子动理论的粒子群优化算法(MMT - P SO)。
A novel particle swarm optimization based on theory of molecular motion (MMT-PSO) was proposed, and the population was regarded as molecule system.
为确定图像分割的最佳阈值，基于粒子群优化算法提出了一种多阈值图像分割方法。
To determine the optimal thresholds in image segmentation, a new multilevel thresholding method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed in this paper.
介绍基本粒子群优化算法的原理、特点，并在此基础上提出了一种改进的粒子群算法。
This paper introduces the principles and characteristics of Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm, and puts forward an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm.
利用粒子群的优化算法，建立侵彻子母弹最佳抛撒高度的求解模型，并进行了仿真计算。
By using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), a model was built up for calculating the optimum dispersion height of intrusive submunition dispenser, and mathematical simulation was carried out.
现在，分类学家认为，既然已经发现鸟类是恐龙的后代，那么它们应当被划分为仅仅是恐龙的一个子群。
Now, taxonomists argue that since birds are descended from dinosaurs they should be classified merely as a subgroup of the Dinosauria.
这与粒子群采用单一的进化策略有关，因为过于单一的进化策略使粒子群整体上有一种趋同性。
This has something to do with its single evolution strategy because too single evolution strategy makes the swarm homoplasy.
天文学家很快就发现这不是普通的太阳黑子，而是个巨型黑子群，其中有些黑子比地球还要大的多。
Astronomers soon realized this is not your average sunspot-it's a giant cluster of sunspots, several of which are larger than our entire planet.
天文学家很快就发现这不是普通的太阳黑子，而是个巨型黑子群，其中有些黑子比地球还要大的多。
Astronomers soon realized this is not your average sunspot-it's a giant cluster of sunspots, several of which are larger than our entire planet.
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