反拨作用是指测试对教学的影响。
Suggestions on Spoken English Teaching from Backwash Effects of Spoken English Testing;
反拨作用通常指测试对教学和学习所产生的影响。
Washback effects refer to the influence tests have on teaching and learning.
提高测试效度是使测试反拨作用趋于积极的有效手段。
An effective way to make the backwash effect of the test positive is to improve its validity.
反拨作用通常指语言测试对语言教学和学习产生的影响。
Washback usually refers to the direct impact tests have on language teaching and learning.
“反拨作用”通常指语言测试对语言教学和学习产生的影响。
"Backwash effect" usually refers to the effect of tests on language teaching and learning.
所谓的反拨作用就是研究一种测试对教与学的这两方面的影响。
A so-called backwash is a research about a kind of test impacts on language teaching and learning.
很明显，这样的交际法测试对我们的英语教学是有积极的反拨作用的。
Obviously the communicative test has positive backwash on English teaching, and so does the communicative listening test.
对于语言测试者来说，测试的反拨作用充分体现了测试与教学的关系。
To language testers, the backwash of testing fully reflects the relationship between testing and teaching.
从而从不同的角度研究总结出当前高考对高中英语教学所产生的反拨作用。
The first chapter will introduce the basic theory of backwash effect and the theory of teaching and testing.
这对同时期沉溺于语言游戏和死亡气息的某些小说也起到了重要的艺术反拨作用。
Mo Yan's novels played important art dial function to that novels which were indulged in language game and death.
科学地运用交际式语言测试，能对英语教学产生较好的反拨作用，从而提高高中英语教学质量。
Communicative language testing will produce beneficial backwash effect to language teaching, thus improve the quality of English language teaching in senior middle schools.
本文从大学英语新四级听力考试题型变化的角度出发，探讨了其对大学英语听说教学的反拨作用。
The present study investigates the immediate washback of the new CET-4 listening comprehension test on college English listening teaching and learning.
长期以来，在我国的大学英语教学中，由于测试形式的反拨作用，交际语言教学始终处于次要地位。
For a long time, communicative language teaching has been in secondary condition in college English teaching for the backwash effect of test form.
反拨作用是指语言测试对语言教学和学习产生的影响，是语言测试和语言教学领域研究的重点之一。
Washback is an important term refers to the influence of testing on teaching and learning. It has become a focus in language testing, language teaching and learning fields.
很多研究者做过调查，探究该考试对教师和教学的影响，而对大学生英语学习的反拨作用研究较少。
The present study investigates the immediate washback of the new CET-4 listening comprehension test on college English listening teaching and learning.
研究结果表明，高考英语(山东卷)阅读表达题对高中英语教与学的反拨作用有它积极的一面也有消极的一面。
The results of research show that there are both positive and negative effects of reading and expression of NMET (Shandong province) on English teaching and learning in high school.
口语测试是主观性语言测试最为典型的代表，它能最为直接地反映一个人外语基本水平的高低，也对教学有很强的反拨作用。
Oral test is the most typical subjective language test, which can directly reflect the basic language proficiency of a candidate and which has a strong backwash effect for language teaching.
数据分析和讨论的结果表明，高考英语测试对高中阶段(尤其高三)英语教与学产生了巨大的反拨作用，不仅有正面的也有负面的。
The results of the data analysis show that the NMET exerts both positive and negative effects on senior middle school English teaching and learning.
语言测试的反拨作用是应用语言学较新的研究领域，笔者就测试中的显性与隐性负面反拨作用对英语教学的影响作了分析，并提出了减少负面反拨作用的一些措施。
This paper analyzed the overt and covert negative backwash of tests on English teaching and learning and put forward some measures to reduce the negative backwash.
语言测试的反拨作用是应用语言学较新的研究领域，笔者就测试中的显性与隐性负面反拨作用对英语教学的影响作了分析，并提出了减少负面反拨作用的一些措施。
This paper analyzed the overt and covert negative backwash of tests on English teaching and learning and put forward some measures to reduce the negative backwash.
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