当我们开始使用化石燃料时，地球已经处于温暖的间冰期之一。
Earth was already in one of its warm interglacial periods when we started burning fossil fuels.
在以往的间冰期中，当冰川消退时，它们在尾迹中留下了开阔的土地。
During previous interglacial periods, when glaciers retreated, they left behind open land in their wakes.
很快我们了解到，在更新世存在多个冰川期，其间还包括多个温暖的间冰期。
It soon became clear that there were multiple glacial ages during the Pleistocene, with warmer interglacial intervals between them.
最后一次间冰期的抓地力所显示的剧烈气候波动在 GISP2 地核中没有出现。
The wild climate swings shown by GRIP in the last interglacial are not seen in the GISP2 core.
它的峰值，就是在间冰期刚开始，大气中有最多的二氧化碳和甲烷气体，温室气体。
Its peak, that is, there is the most carbon dioxide and methane gas, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere just after the beginning of the interglacial period.
现在，我们已经研究过几个间冰期的典型模式，其中一种是大气中二氧化碳和甲烷含量达到峰值的情况。
Now, the typical pattern for an interglacial period—and we've studied several—is that the concentration of carbon dioxide and methane gas actually reaches its peak.
那并不是一个始终温暖的时期，因为在那时跟大冰期以来的任何时候都一样，降雨量和温度都在不断变化。
It was not a time of uniform warmth, for then, as always since the Great Ice Age, there were constant shifts in rainfall and temperature.
在过去的200万年里，寒冷的冰期与较暖和的间冰期交替出现。
Over the past two million years, colder glacial periods have alternated with warmer interglacial periods.
这些数据已经建立了地球轨道变化和冰期周期之间的强有力的联系。
These data have established a strong connection between variations in the Earth's orbit and the periodicity of the ice ages.
高二氧化碳含量与温暖的间冰期有关，低二氧化碳含量与寒冷的冰期有关。
High carbon dioxide levels are associated with warm interglacial periods, and low levels with cold glacial periods.
另一个重要的推动因素是小冰期的开始，这一气候现象导致北半球气温下降。
Another important push was the onset of the Little Ice Age, a climatic phenomenon that led to cooler temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere.
例如，在倒数第二个冰期的高峰和接下来的间冰期之间，甲烷浓度几乎增加了一倍。
The methane concentration nearly doubled, for example, between the peak of the penultimate glacial period and the following interglacial period.
最近的研究确实表明，高二氧化碳水平与温暖的间冰期有关，而低二氧化碳水平与寒冷的冰期有关。
Recent studies do in fact show that high carbon dioxide levels are associated with warm interglacial periods, and low levels with cold glacial periods.
如果地球与太阳的距离再大1%，大约20亿年前地球上失控的冰期就会导致海洋冻结，并一直冻结到今天。
If the Earth-Sun distance were as little as 1 percent larger, runaway glaciations on Earth about 2 billion years ago would have caused the oceans to freeze and remain frozen to this day.
如果地球与太阳的距离再大哪怕1%，大约20亿年前地球上失控的冰期就会导致海洋冻结，并一直冻结到今天。
If the Earth-Sun distance were as little as 1 percent larger, runaway glaciation on Earth about 2 billion years ago would have caused the oceans to freeze and remain frozen to this day.
间冰期通常是在冰期之间的一段时间，这时气候变暖，冰川的冰会暂时消退，直到气候再次变冷，下一个冰期开始。
Interglacial periods are, typically periods of time between Ice Ages, when the climate warms, and the glacial ice retreats for a time, before things cool off again and another Ice Age begins.
研究人员对间冰期气候的线索来自保存在GRIP 冰芯中的两种略微不同类型的氧——即同位素氧-16和氧-18的比率。
Researchers' clues to the Eemian climate come from measurements of the ratios of two slightly different types of oxygen, isotopes oxygen-16 and oxygen-18, preserved in the GRIP core.
在法国尼斯附近的阿马塔发现了一间棚屋遗迹，时间上可追溯至民德冰期时期。
Evidence of a wooden hut found at Terra Amata, near Nice in France, was dated to the Mindel Glaciation.
我们有过暖期和小冰期；但是变化很小。
We have had warm periods and little ice ages; but the changes have been small.
间冰期时，气温则有点暖和，冰层就慢慢融化。
During "interglacials", the temperature was somewhat warmer and the ice retreated.
在上个冰期末，二氧化碳含量增长了近50%。
At the end of the last ice age, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels shot up by nearly 50 per cent.
大量的物资也必须乘着短暂的海洋无冰期运送进去。
Bulky items must be shipped in during the brief period when the sea is free of ice.
这项新的调查显示在过去的340,000年气温都“被钉在”间冰期内。
This new investigation shows temperature 'spikes' within some of the interglacial periods over the last 340,000 years.
在最后一个冰期期间，他们了解到海平面的下降偶尔会产生横跨海峡的陆桥。
They knew that every so often during past ice ages, drops in sea level created a land bridge across the strait.
航行船只局限于小船，即使在短短夏季数月的无冰期，通行起来也足够困难。
Navigation was confined to shallow vessels, tricky enough even in the few summer months when the river was free of ice.
科普的研究小组重构了约12.5万年以前，最后一次间冰期时期的海平面。
Kopp's team reconstructed the sea levels in the last interglacial period, around 125, 000 years ago.
红色代表变暖的趋势：融冰期提早，封冻期后延，融冰季节变得更长。
Red indicates trends consistent with warming: earlier melt onset, later freezes, and longer total melt season.
这与早先认为的小行星的撞击实际上加速了结冰期的来临这一说法相矛盾。
This contradicts previous ideas which suggest the impact of the asteroid actually precipitated a period of glaciations, Gostin says.
这与早先认为的小行星的撞击实际上加速了结冰期的来临这一说法相矛盾。
This contradicts previous ideas which suggest the impact of the asteroid actually precipitated a period of glaciations, Gostin says.
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