个体变异巩固了这一理论，但是什么导致了变异？
Individual variation underpinned the idea, but what created variants?
但要使进化真能发生效力，在鼠之鼠之间以及人与人之间，一定存在个体变异。
But for evolution to be able to act, there must be individual variation between mice, and between men.
结果分别获得处理效应、阶段效应、顺序效应以及个体变异的估计。
Results Obtain the estimates of treatment effect, time period effect, sequence effect and individual variation separately.
Hahn博士已经发现他们没有缺失的氨基酸，但沿ahr的氨基酸链上有9个部位的链接存在个体变异。
There are no missing amino acids. Dr Hahn has, however, found nine places along the amino-acid chain of killifish AHR where the link in the chain varies between individuals.
理论上说来，新的个体是和双亲一样适应的，由于变异或增或减会有些微小的变化。
The new individual will, in theory, be as fit as the parents, plus or minus a small variance caused by the mutation.
没有数字参数，个体实际上似乎做得更好一些，可能是因为在指令较简单时，变异不太可能损坏DNA 吧。
Without the numeric parameters, the individuals actually seemed to do better, perhaps because mutations are less likely to damage the DNA when instructions are simpler.
它能够在许多甚至绝大多数个体不是种族主义者的情况下变异成种族主义者。
It can mutate into being racist without many or even most of the individuals in it being so.
遗传算法模仿达尔文的自然选择，其中“适应性”选择进行生存、繁殖以及由此而来的适应性变异的个体。
Genetic algorithms mimic Darwinian natural selection, where "fitness" selects individuals for survival, breeding, and, hence, adaptive mutation.
这是完美的巧合——一些变异将一代代传播给越来越多的个体。
It is pure chance – some just happen to be passed on to more and more individuals in each generation.
因为每个个体他的整个染色体携带无数的SNPs，其中大部分无害，所以鉴别出真正与特定疾病有关的变异显得尤为困难。
Because each individual carries countless SNPs throughout his or her genome, most of which are harmless, it is difficult to identify the mutations that are truly related to a particular disease.
一种他们或许能使个体变得有更强适应力的方法是告诉他们是否他们拥有s/s基因变异。
One way they might empower individuals to become more resilient is to tell them whether they possess the s/s variant of the gene that makes the promoter region of the serotonin transporter.
而使个体更好适应环境的变异将让这些个体有更多的后代。
Variations that made individuals better adapted to their environment would let them have more offspring.
首先是三种变异个体类似地成群，这表明它们是同一祖先的后代。
The first was that the three variables clustered similarly, suggesting that they were accurate markers of ancestry.
他们在这两种肿瘤的11不同个体样本中寻找变异的基因。
They took 11 different samples of each of the two sorts of cancer and searched for mutated genes in them.
他提出，正是这一变异导致了社会行为的个体差异，换句话说，一些田鼠将会比另一些更加忠诚。
He suggests that this variation contributes to individual differences in social behaviour-in other words, some voles will be more faithful than others.
它模拟达尔文的自然选择，还有变异，把“适应性”(正如适用于个体的公式所决定的那样)作为主要因素选择生存繁衍和变异的个体。
It mimics Darwinian natural selection, making "fitness" (as determined by a formula applied to an individual) the chief selector of individuals for survival and procreation, together with mutation.
一方面，Veltman表示，寻找杂合变异体要略微棘手一些，因为个体携带的杂合变异体比纯合变异体要多得多。
On the one hand, searching for heterozygous variants can be slightly trickier, said Veltman, because individuals have many more heterozygous variants than homozygous.
最近的研究表明对于许多疾病来说，普通的基因变异仅仅能解释一小部分个体发病的风险。
Recent studies have shown that for many diseases, common genetic variants can only explain a small fraction of an individual's risk of developing the condition.
每个变异算子有它自己的特征，可以应用到不同类型的个体上。
Each mutation has its own characteristics and may be applied to different types of individuals.
但是，研究者解释，癌风险和这些变异相关的程度会依个体的家族史而变化。
But, researchers explained, the extent of cancer risk associated with such mutations can vary depending on an individual's family history.
如果在研究中使用恰当的引物或引物对，SSR分析有效地揭示了同一种内部不同品种和个体间的微小的变异。
The SSR analysis effectively reveals diminutive variation among accessions or individuals within the same species, given approximately the same number of primers or primer pairs used in studies.
遗传再现了生物物种过去适应环境的成功经验，变异则可视为生物个体本身的环境对策。
Heredity reflects the successful experience of adaptation of a species in the past? And variation is the environmental strategies of an individual organism.
方法通过两水平随机系数模型以及顺序效应的拟合，估计处理效应的大小及其在个体间的变异。
Methods Fitting two-level random coefficient model and sequence effect to estimate the treatment effect and its variation between individuals.
结论所检测基因突变为亲代遗传，而非个体基因变异；
Conclusion The gene mutations detected were the parental generation, rather than individual genovariation.
结果：儿童尿碘的变异在学校和个体水平均有统计学意义，尿碘与盐碘有显著相关关系。
Results:The urine iodine variation of the children was statistically significant at school and individual levels, and the urine iodine was significantly correlated with salt iodine.
第三章阐述了作者对基于个体间相似性变异算子以及自适应演化算法的研究。
The third chapter presents our research on real-code adaptive mutation operator based on the similitude between individuals.
遗传算法是一种借鉴生物界自然选择和自然进化机制的搜索方法，通过对个体进行复制、交叉、变异操作完成搜索过程。
Genetic algorithms (GAs) are search algorithms based on of natural evolution processing including selection, mutation and crossover operations on the genes of individuals or potential solutions.
对每一代的最优个体进行单独变异，使搜索效率提高。
Independent mutation is applied to the optimal individual in each generation to improve the search efficiency.
引入对个体的代数保护策略，即在它发生变异前保证有足够的演化，可以避免对新空间不成熟的开发。
Aprotectionstrategyfortheevolvedgenerationsfor individuals is introduced to guarantee enough evolution before the mutation occur, which avoids immature exploitation for new Spaces.
引入对个体的代数保护策略，即在它发生变异前保证有足够的演化，可以避免对新空间不成熟的开发。
Aprotectionstrategyfortheevolvedgenerationsfor individuals is introduced to guarantee enough evolution before the mutation occur, which avoids immature exploitation for new Spaces.
应用推荐