通常，你只会在这两种情况下用替代法，或者这可以极大地简化被积函数，或者就是这可以简化，积分的上下限。
I mean, normally, you would only do this kind of substitution if either it simplifies a lot the function you are integrating, or it simplifies a lot the region on which you are integrating.
嵌套的第二个SUM和EXTRACT函数组合计算下限，下限基于前面的片中的值的总数，在映射规则中表示为InSlice Index-1。
The second, embedded combination of sum and EXTRACT function calculates the lower boundary, which is based on the sum of values in preceding slices, represented in the map rule as InSliceIndex - 1.
给出并证明了一个函数的上下限及其几个推论。
The paper gives the upper-lower limit of a function and draws several deductions by proving them.
临界频率是阻尼的函数，选择合适的阻尼可使临界频率尽量小，但存在下限。
The critical frequency is the function of damping and can be made as small as possible through selecting suitable damping. However the critical frequency has a lower limit.
二维正态分布函数值的计算是估算串联结构体系失效概率上、下限的一项重要内容。
It is an important aspect to compute the two dimensional distribution in estimating the bounds of failure probability of series structures.
结论BPF与年龄之间函数关系的95%可信区间下限，可作为计算机自动定量诊断脑萎缩的客观标准。
Conclusion the lower limit of 95% confidence inter mathematical relationship between BPF and age could be used as an objective criteria for automatic quantification of brain atrophy with computer.
结论BPF与年龄之间函数关系的95%可信区间下限，可作为计算机自动定量诊断脑萎缩的客观标准。
Conclusion the lower limit of 95% confidence inter mathematical relationship between BPF and age could be used as an objective criteria for automatic quantification of brain atrophy with computer.
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