我们看到的獠牙其实不是牙，而是骨状突鄂，仅见于雄鱼，可能用于同性争斗。
The fangs are not teeth, but bony jaw protrusions that are present only in males and are likely used for sparring.
牙齿是嵌入在上颌骨和下颌骨的牙槽突。
The teeth are embedded in the alveolar process of the maxilla and mandible.
方法采用口内切口颏部水平截骨前移固定后，再联合利用在颏部置入合适假体的隆颏术，以进一步增加颏突度和颏长度，改善颏部形态。
Methods after horizontal osteotomy the chin moved up and fixed with intraoral incision implant was used in augmentation mentoplasty in order to increase heights and outshoot of the chin.
目的报告自体髂骨松质骨修复牙槽突裂的临床应用。
Objective To report clinical application of iliac cancellous bone grafting in alveolar cleft repair.
目的：探讨上颌前部阶段性骨切开术联合正畸治疗上颌前突的方法。
Objective to evaluate the effect of anterior maxillary segmental osteotomy (AMSO) combined with orthodontic treatment for maxillary protrusion.
二种最普遍使用正颚手术方法来改善下颚骨前突症的方法是双侧矢向面骨切开术及垂直下颚枝骨切开术。
The two most commonly used surgical techniques to setback a prognathic mandible include the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy and the vertical ramus osteotomy.
目的作者对骨性下颌前突伴偏斜患者的牙弓和牙齿代偿现象进行研究。
Objective To investigate the compensation of dental arch and teeth in patients with skeletal protrusion and deviation of mandible.
随着生长，翼状韧带(附着于齿状突尖端和枕部的韧带)向上牵拉小骨形成其特征性的表现。
With growth, the alar ligaments that attach the tip of the dens to the occiput pull the ossicle upwards giving it its characteristic appearance.
目的探讨距骨后突内侧结节(PMTT)骨折诊断与治疗的有效方法。
Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of the fracture of posterior medial tubercle of the talus (PMTT).
目的探讨腰椎后路棘突椎板作为骨源椎间植入加椎弓根钉系统固定在下腰椎椎间融合中的可行性和临床效果。
Objective To explore the feasibility and clinical effects of spinal processes and laminae as materials for interbody fusion and pedicle screw fixation in the lower lumbar spine.
目的：观察单侧或部分下颌骨缺损重建术后升支高度和下颌骨髁状突运动的变化。
Objective: the purpose of this study is to observe the changes of ramus height and condylar movement after mandibular reconstruction.
方法：采用干性颅骨18具，福尔马林固定的头颅标本12具分别进行骨窗及乳突孔的定位测量和桥小脑角结构距骨窗的距离测定。
Methods: The location of bony "window" and mastoid foramen were studied , and the distance from bony "window" to cerebellopontine angle was measured on 18 dry and 12 wet cranial bones.
牙槽突裂骨移植是口腔颌面部裂隙畸形重建的重要步骤。
Bone grafting of the alveolus is an essential step in the reconstruction of the orofacial cleft deformity.
用主动矫治器行双侧唇腭裂术前矫治前突的前颌骨是合理和有效的手段。
Using active preoperative orthopedics to reposit the protruding premaxilla of bilateral cleft palate is a reasonable and effective approach.
根据胸椎棘突软骨中灰分含量分析发现，骨质化程度与齿龄之间存在对应关系，这种对应关系对提高骨龄判定的准确性具有指导意义。
The relationship of ossification degree and tooth aging could be determined with ash content in thoracic vertebrae, which is significant to improve the accuracy of bone aging.
肩突哺乳动物从肩板向胸骨凸出''。'的'。''骨状''。'突起'。 ''。
A bony process projecting from the scapula toward the sternum in mammals.
结论腰椎间盘退变和腰椎关节突关节骨性关节炎可影响腰椎运动节段的稳定性。
Conclusion the disc degeneration and facet joint osteoarthritis are the main factors affecting on the stability of the kinematics of lumbar motion segment.
结论：下颌骨缺损重建对颞下颌关节结构和功能具有一定的影响，保留髁状突时所受影响要明显小于未保留髁状突组。
Conclusions: mandibular reconstruction affected the function of temporomandibular joint, which is less in patients of the condyle retained than in those of the condyle not retained.
结论采用微型侧壁螺丝刀经口腔内固定下颌骨角部和髁状突颈部骨折，完全避免了颌面部皮肤切口，尤其对患者的心理安慰，意义重大。
Conclusions Intraoral internal fixation on mandibular Angle and condyle fracture with a micro-angular screwdriver avoided facial incisions thoroughly it was of great significance to the patients.
目的：观察腰椎管减压、横突间或椎体间植骨脊柱融合和椎弓根螺钉内固定手术治疗高龄退行性病变腰椎不稳定患者的效果。
Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of decompress laminectomy, pedicle screw fixation and posterior lumbar fusion in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal instability of elder patients.
目的探讨髁状突假体在治疗下颌骨缺损中提高患者下颌骨功能，恢复面部外形的临床应用价值。
Objective To study the clinical value of TMJ condyle prosthesis on the reconstruction of mandible defects in order to improve the function and restore the continuity of mandible.
方法测量11例骨性下颌前突伴偏斜患者治疗前模型，将上颌腭中缝作为中线标准，测量牙弓两侧同名牙接触点到腭中缝的距离，观测牙弓的对称性。
Methods Measurement of 11 dental models was performed, midline of palate was defined as central line, the distance of every contact point to the midline was measured in each side.
方法：本手术通过凿断鼻骨及部分上颌骨额突揿压折断使其耸立以抬高鼻背和移植自体鼻中隔软骨以增高鼻尖或鼻翼，一次性完成鼻外形的整体修复。
Methods: the operation procedure included frustration and elevation of the nasal bone and part of the forntal process of maxilla and replacement of the nasal septum between greater alar cartilages.
完全性唇胯裂组患者植骨的临床成功率与唇裂伴牙槽突裂组相比有显著性差异，低于唇裂伴牙槽突裂组；
The successful rate of ABGM in patients with cleft lip or incomplete cleft palate was superior to patients with complete cleft palate.
方法回顾分析23例游离齿突小骨患者，其中10例有明确的外伤史。
Methods 23 patients with os odontoideum, 10 of whom had a history of definite lesion, were reviewed retrospectively.
目的：观察人工骨修复材料-倍骼生治疗牙槽突裂的临床效果。
PURPOSE: To analyse the results of using Bioglass to repair alveolar cleft.
目的：观察腰椎管减压、横突间或椎体间植骨脊柱融合和椎弓根螺钉内固定手术治疗退变性腰椎管狭窄合并节段性腰椎不稳定患者的效果。
Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of decompress laminectomy, pedicle screw fixation and posterior lumbar fusion in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis with segmental instability.
探讨组织工程化人工骨应用于兔腰椎横突间融合的骨愈合生物学特点及其融合效果。
To assess the bone healing biology of the tissue engineering bone as a kind of bone graft substitute and its fusion results in a rabbit model of posterolateral lumbar intertransverse process fusion.
探讨组织工程化人工骨应用于兔腰椎横突间融合的骨愈合生物学特点及其融合效果。
To assess the bone healing biology of the tissue engineering bone as a kind of bone graft substitute and its fusion results in a rabbit model of posterolateral lumbar intertransverse process fusion.
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