方法：回顾5例并发张力性气颅的临床资料。
目的：分析慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔术后并发张力性气颅的诊断与治疗。
Objective: to analyse diagnosis and treatment of chronic subdural hematomas with postoperative tension pneumocephalus.
结论对于脑外伤，尤其有颅底骨折、额骨骨折病史的患者，应警惕张力性气颅的产生。
Conclusion it is possible that the patients with traumatic brain injuries accompany a complication of tension pneumocephalus, especially those also together with basilar or frontal skull fracture.
方法回顾性分析了12例外伤性张力性气颅的临床特点、影像学特征、手术处理方法以及预后。
Method The retrospective analysis of the 12 patients with tension pneumocephalus who underwent surgical management was performed.
神经系统囊虫病是一种由猪肉绦虫引起的颅内寄生虫感染。
Neurocysticercosis is an intracranial parasitic infection caused by the pork tapeworm, taenia solium.
提供使用颅盖和盖利腱膜囊状皮瓣修复颅前窝损伤的解剖学数据。
Supply anatomy data for repair of anterior cranial fossa injuries using calvaria and galea aponeurotica vescularized flaps.
使用一种被称作“穿颅磁刺激”的技术，学者们可以临时关闭大脑的部分功能。
Using a technique known as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, researchers can temporarily switch off parts of the brain.
软腭由颅神经控制——换句话来说，是不经过脊髓的神经。
The soft palate is controlled by cranial nerves—in other words, nerves that do not pass through the spinal cord.
皮疹仅影响一侧皮肤，病灶分布区域与第5对颅神经（三叉神经）的眼神经分支分布区相一致，基于这些临床特点即可作出诊断。
The diagnosis is made clinically based on the rash affecting only one dermatome associated with the ophthalmic division of cranial nerve V (trigeminal nerve).
并且，美国国防部高级研究计划局正在赞助甚至是更加反常的、抗睡眠的研究，像用电磁信号让大脑兴奋的穿颅刺激等。
And the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is funding even more unusual anti-sleep research, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation that zaps the brain with electromagnetism.
结论显微血管减压术是治疗同一病人并存多根颅神经疾患病例安全有效的显微外科手术方法。
Conclusion Microvascular decompression is an effective and safe microsurgical method to treat multiple cranial neuropathy cases.
另外，本文阐述了技术熟练的手术者行颅内血管内介入术的预期成功率及并发症发生率。
Moreover, the present document characterizes the expected success and complication rates for intracranial endovascular interventional procedures when performed by highly skilled operators.
颅神经损伤后能否重建及重建后的功能恢复一直是困扰广大神经外科医生的难题。
Whether intracranial nerves can be reconstructed and whether their functions can be recovered after reconstruction keep bewildering surgeons.
研究者们采用了一种被称为颅磁刺激（TMS）的无损伤技术，对右颞顶联合区的大脑活动进行选择性干扰。
The researchers used a noninvasive technique known as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to selectively interfere with brain activity in the right TPJ.
减少咖啡因的摄入或为出现便秘的颅内动脉瘤患者适量配服泻药会降低蛛网膜下出血的风险。
Reducing caffeine consumption or treating constipated patients with unruptured [intracranial aneurysms] with laxatives may lower the risk of [subarachnoid hemorrhage].
他们使用了经颅磁刺激(TMS)技术，用紧密聚焦的磁场来使大脑的局部地区暂时失去功能。
They achieved this using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), a technology that USES a tightly focused magnetic field to temporarily disable individual regions of the brain.
但伴随着功能磁共振成像和穿颅磁刺激术这样的新技术手段出现，以及人类颅脑建模计划的实施，科学家们已经在努力破解人类神经的密码。
But with innovative tools like fMRI and transcranial magnetic stimulation, and projects that are re-engineering a model of a human brain, scientists are working hard on cracking the neural code.
作为为人所知的“颅磁刺激”(TMS)，这种治疗方法通过向大脑的特定区域传递一系列的电脉冲起作用，这个区域便是大脑中和抑郁以及其他情绪障碍有关联的区域。
Known as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), the treatment delivers a series of electrical pulses to the part of the brain associated with depression and other mood disorders.
结论微创手术清除婴儿颅内出血可减轻神经系统后遗症，降低婴儿期颅内出血的死亡率。
Conclusion Minimally invasive surgery used to clear intracranial hematoma may minimize the sequela in the nerve system and reduce the mortality of intracranial hemorrhage in infants.
还有充足证据表明，重复的经颅磁刺激，能提高失语症患者一些特定的语言能力。
There is now sufficient evidence to demonstrate that this approach, at least for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, improves specific language abilities in aphasia.
目的：填补国人嗅神经、嗅球和嗅束的形态学资料，为鼻腔顶、颅前窝手术提供保护病人嗅觉功能的解剖学依据。
Objective:To Provide morphological data of olfactory nerves, bulb and tract of Chinese to protect olfactory function in the operation of nasal cavity roof and anterior cranial fossae.
结论异常纺锤波多提示颅内病变，且可协助疾病的定位诊断，并对判断疾病转归有一定意义。
Conclusion Abnormal electroencephalograph spindle wave always indicates intracranial disease, which may play an important role in the decisive diagnosis and the judgment of prognosis of the disease.
对于怀疑有颅内并发症的慢性中耳炎患者，行放射学检查对于诊断和治疗是具有决定意义的。
Radiologic evaluation of a patient suspected of having intracranial complications related to active chronic otitis media is crucial to diagnosis and management.
颅内压升高、脑血管自身调节功能失常和血脑屏障损害，是急性重症颅脑损伤的三大重要病理生理学特点。
Intracranial hypertension, impaired cerebral vascular auto-regulation and disrupted brain blood barrier are the three major pathophysiological characteristics in patients with severe brain injury.
经颅磁刺激技术(TMS)诞生于上世纪80年代，是一种非侵入性的生物刺激技术。
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive biological stimulation technique born in the middle of 1980's.
颅内压增高的诊断方法和处理原则。
The diagnostic methods and therapeutic principles of intracranial hypertension.
在颅内病变或头部损伤后的患者中，这种颅内压的增高可能是比较危险的。
This may be of concern in patients with intracranial lesions or after head injury in which increases in intracranial pressure may be hazardous.
颅内压增高的临床表现。
研究者发现当代男女的颅面差异没有16世纪时的明显。
Researchers found that craniofacial differences between contemporary men and women are less pronounced than they were in the 16th century.
该团队在遗骨中发现一个称为枕骨髁的球形骨，这是所有哺乳动物和爬行动物身体中连接颅底和脊髓的部分。
Among the remains, the team noticed a spherical bone, called a basioccipital condyle, found in all mammals and reptiles that joins the base of the skull to the spinal cord.
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