因为端粒保护染色体末端，阻止细胞分裂。
Because telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes to stop cells dividing.
科学家的发现表明，这些蝙蝠的细胞有能力保持和修复它们的端粒。
The scientists' findings suggest that these bats' cells have the ability to keep and repair their telomeres.
每次分裂后，端粒变短一段时间后可能发生的一件事是染色体上的基因片段会断裂。
So after each division, the telomeres get shorter and one of the things that may happen after a while is that pieces of the genes themselves get broken off the Chromosomes.
端粒是高度重复的，从基因上来说没有意义的DNA序列，我们称之为垃圾 DNA。
Now a telomere is a highly repetitious and genetically meaningless sequence of DNA, what we were calling junk DNA.
看起来，当通过观察特定染色体上的端粒长度，我们实际上可以预测某些细胞能够成功分裂多久。
It seems that, by looking at the length of the telomeres on specific Chromosomes, we can actually predict pretty much how long certain cells can successfully go on dividing.
无论如何，如果我们检查这些螺旋状DNA的末端，我们会发现每条人类染色体的末端都有一个被称作“端粒”的 DNA序列。
Anyway, if we examine these ends of these coils of DNA, we will find a sequence of DNA at each end of every human Chromosome, called a telomere.
端粒酶是一种只在活跃分裂的细胞中产生的酶。
Telomerase is an enzyme that is produced only in cells that are actively dividing.
总有一天，我们也许能够利用端粒酶使任何细胞保持活力，使其正常工作并永久地自我复制。
Someday we may be able to take any cell and keep it alive functioning and reproducing itself essentially forever through the use of telomerase.
但当我们用化学方法分析这些细胞时，我们发现了一些非常有趣的东西，其中有一种化学物质，是一种叫做端粒酶的酶。
But when we analyze these cells chemically, we find something very interesting, a chemical in them, an enzyme called telomerase.
科学家还将研究端粒是否会影响人的外表。
Scientists have yet to study whether telomeres influence a person's appearance.
端粒就是细胞内的染色体上的一个保护罩。
A. Telomeres are the protective caps at the ends of chromosomes in cells.
这就是盖住染色体各端的端粒结构的功能。
This is the role of structures called telomeres that cap the ends of chromosomes.
活跃的肿瘤常常有一种特殊的酶来修复端粒。
Successful cancers often have a special enzyme that repairs telomeres.
而端粒酶顾名思义，就是生成端粒的那种酶。
他解释说，更长的端粒代表了更低水平的炎症。
Longer telomeres indicate low levels of inflammation, he explained.
端粒就是以这种方式扮演着生物保险丝的角色。
到目前为止，端粒酶似乎是问题的关键。
端粒末端转移酶是一种可以重建并且延展端粒的酶。
Telomerase is an enzyme that can rebuild and lengthen telomeres.
她们发现锻炼和咨询对压力个体的端粒有相似的作用。
This showed that exercise has a similar effect to counselling on the telomeres of the stressed.
其他研究显示，冥想或者其他减压形式会增大端粒长度。
Other research suggests that meditation or other forms of stress reduction may lengthen telomeres.
端粒长度，跟胆固醇水平一样是预测冠心病的很好的指标。
Telomere length was as good as cholesterol levels at predicting the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
这意味着，这些人在出生时端粒就比较短，所以更容易衰老。
This means they are born with shorter telomeres, and so are prone to ageing more quickly.
但是如果造出大量端粒酶的话，可以推迟细胞的死亡。
But, cell death is delayed if a lot of the enzyme telomerase is produced.
当端粒变得非常短时，细胞就无法正常工作，会显现衰老的征兆。
When the telomeres become very short, the cell starts to malfunction and show signs of ageing.
同时也给了我们信心去确定不同遗传变量与端粒长度关系的路径。
It gave us great confidence that we identified genetic variants on a pathway we already know is associated with telomere length.
每当一个细胞分解，它的端粒就会缩短，而细胞就变得更为易于死亡。
Each time a cell divides, its telomeres shortens and the cell becomes more susceptible to dying.
对英国公务员的研究显示，学历较低的人的端粒比学历高的人的端粒短。
Study of civil servants in the UK shows that those with few educational qualifications have shorter telomeres than those with higher educational qualifications.
对英国公务员的研究显示，学历较低的人的端粒比学历高的人的端粒短。
Study of civil servants in the UK shows that those with few educational qualifications have shorter telomeres than those with higher educational qualifications.
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