事实上，北极海冰的融化速度比预期的要快。
Indeed, sea-ice cover in the Arctic is melting faster than expected.
这种透明的海冰的性质与绿色冰山上的冰块非常相似。
The properties of this clear sea ice were very similar to the ice from the green iceberg.
像北极熊和海象这样依靠海冰生存的野生动物也处于危险之中。
Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger.
许多猎人在春天使用更传统的方法，穿越海冰，乘着海豹皮船划向鲸鱼。
Many hunters use more traditional methods in the spring, traveling across sea ice and paddling toward whales in sealskin boats.
北极海冰在地球气候系统中占据中心位置，并且它恶化的速度比预期的更快。
The Arctic sea ice holds a central position in the Earth's climate system and it's deteriorating faster than expected.
如果没有这些大量冷却的海冰，被带到北极的暖空气可以比以前更深入渗透到内陆。
Without those masses of cooling sea ice, warm air brought to the Arctic can penetrate further inland than it ever did before.
拉施说：“地球工程计划将平流层的气溶胶注入到云层中，这将起到冷却地球的作用，并增加海冰的范围。”
'Geo-engineering plans to inject stratospheric aerosols or to seed clouds would act to cool the planet, and act to increase the extent of sea ice,' says Rasch.
这是令人担忧的，因为北极气温上升和海冰迅速消失正在形成一种新型的气候反馈回路，可能会加速北极变暖。
This is troubling as climbing arctic temperatures combined with rapid sea ice loss are creating a new type of climate feedback loop which could accelerate Arctic warming.
然而，现在海冰比以前更早地融化。
Now, however, the sea ice is becoming water earlier than it used to.
原因有二。一是海冰正在融化。
在冬天，它完全被海冰覆盖。
夏天里部分海冰会融化成水。
北极的海冰通常在春天和夏天融化，然后在冬天形成。
Arctic sea ice usually melts in spring and summer, then grows in winter.
它们导致了北极熊和海豹数量的减少，而北极熊依靠海冰捕食海豹。
They have pushed down the number of polar bears and seals while polar bears depend on sea ice for hunting seals.
过去十年里，气候变化引起的海冰流失和北极冰融化现象不断加剧。
The sea ice loss and the Arctic ice melting (融化) caused by climate change have increased much in the last ten years.
海冰的形成导致表水中盐的浓度增加；海冰的减少意味着盐浓度的增加幅度较小。
The formation of sea ice causes the concentration of salt in surface waters to increase; less sea ice would mean a smaller increase in the concentration of salt.
因此，虽然冬季海冰覆盖面积可能减少，但表层水将足够冰冷，因此海冰覆盖面积不会减少太多。
Thus, although the winter sea-ice cover might decrease, the surface waters would remain cold enough so that the decrease would not be excessive.
海冰融化会影响生态系统和水流。
显示海冰范围的地图已经出现了几十年。
Images showing the extent of sea ice have been available for decades.
薄海冰融入北极由夏季辐射热形成的池塘。
Thin sea-ice melts into pool shapes in the radiant heat of the Arctic summer.
北极夏季海冰正在以每十年刚刚超过7%的速度减少。
Arctic summertime sea ice is decreasing by just over 7% a decade.
在格陵兰岛的西部和北部，海冰呈淡淡的灰蓝色。
West and north of Greenland, sea ice appears pale gray-blue.
因此，海冰覆盖状态的变化能给全球能量平衡带来巨大影响。
Therefore, changes in the sea ice cover have a significant effect on the global energy balance.
去年冬天北极这种负向振荡从加拿大群岛北部地区运来多年老海冰(四，五年或更多年的老海冰)。
This past winter's negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation transported old ice (four, five, and more years old) from an area north of the Canadian Archipelago.
国家雪冰数据中心对海冰的评估和NASA对海冰数据的档案中都假设极点是被冰块覆盖的。
The sea ice estimates from the National Snow and ice data Center, NASA's archive for sea ice data, assume that this hole is ice-filled.
之后，这些海冰中的大多数都能度过接下来的夏天，海冰水平可以迅速恢复到人工干预前的状态。
Much of this ice then survives the following summer, and sea-ice conditions can quickly return to those before the artificial perturbation.
之后，这些海冰中的大多数都能度过接下来的夏天，海冰水平可以迅速恢复到人工干预前的状态。
Much of this ice then survives the following summer, and sea-ice conditions can quickly return to those before the artificial perturbation.
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