这些水滋养着称为浮游植物的悬浮微生物以及其它海洋生物。
The waters nourish free-floating microscopic plants, called phytoplankton, and other sea life.
托马斯教授说：“回溯到遥远的过去，生命始于浮游生物，因此我们应该非常感谢它们。”
Professor Thomas said: "if you go back far enough in time, life started in the plankton, so we owe it a remarkable debt."
海马常用尾巴将自己固定在水草或珊瑚枝上，以过往的浮游动物为食。
Anchoring themselves to blades of grass or fingers of coral with their tails, seahorses spend their time feeding on zooplankton.
浮游植物通过光合作用消耗空气中的二氧化碳产生氧气。
Photosynthesis by phytoplankton removes carbon dioxide from the air and produces oxygen.
幸得水中会发光的浮游生物，水体一闪一闪好像布满了星星。
Thanks to bioluminescent phytoplankton the water start sparkling as if it were full of stars.
根据浮游植物的种类和浓度，海洋颜色有从绿色到蓝色不等。
Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.
每年，大量的浮游植物爆发蔓延横跨北大西洋，它们由南向北移动，并且在春季后期达到顶峰。
Every year, a massive phytoplankton bloom spreads across the north Atlantic, moving from south to north and peaking in the late spring.
但是海洋中浮游动物每天的垂直运动——夜里上浮以寻找食物，白天下潜以躲避捕食者——也可以被视作迁徒。
But daily vertical movements by zooplankton in the ocean—upward by night to seek food, downward by day to escape predators—can also be considered migration.
然而，浮游植物只在铁含量足够高的地表水中繁殖。
However, phytoplankton flourish only in surface waters where iron levels are sufficiently high.
浮游植物是浮游动物和其它海洋动物的食物，可以说是海洋的庄稼。
Phytoplankton are the microscopic plant life that zooplankton and other Marine animals eat, essentially the grain crop of the world's oceans.
当微小的海洋浮游生物在海洋表面大量繁殖时，其壮观的场面甚至能从太空观察到。
When microscopic Marine organisms known as phytoplankton multiply into a dense population at the ocean's surface, massive blooms can spread so far that they can only be seen from space.
作为世界上第二大的鱼类，姥鲨张着大嘴来捕捉漂流而过的浮游生物。
The second largest fish in the world, it basks with its mouth open wide to catch plankton drifting by.
有一种被称作圆石藻的浮游植物当它们数以亿计浮现在海洋表面时，海水会显出明亮的青绿色。
Some phytoplankton called coccolithophores are coated with white calcite that makes the water look bright turquoise when billions of them get together.
发生厄尔尼诺事件时，由于偏东信风停止了本应推动的上升流甚至反转了方向，赤道太平洋的浮游植物生产力明显下降。
During el nino events, phytoplankton productivity in the equatorial Pacific declines dramatically as the easterly trade winds that normally drive upwelling grow still or even reverse direction.
这是第一次意在全面观察全球海洋浮游生物在如此长时间里所产生的变化的研究。
This is the first study to attempt a comprehensive global look at plankton changes over such a long time scale.
然而，尽管当地铁浓度立即提高，在一个这样的区域实验释放铁化合物却没有产生大量的浮游生物。
However, an experimental release of iron compounds into one such area failed to produce a thriving plankton population, even though local iron concentrations increased immediately.
这种蟹和它的堂兄弟不一样，它们不是游动着在珊瑚中觅食，而是留在原地不动，用羽毛似的触须搜寻浮游生物。
Unlike its mobile Cousins that forage the reef for food, this crab stays put and fishes for floating plankton with its feathery antennae.
由于浮游植物的分布变得更为广泛，它们的天敌（浮游动物）的定位和进食也变得困难起来。
Since the phytoplankton are more widely distributed, predators (zooplankton) have a harder time locating and feeding on them.
当海水表面温度下降时，较深一些的海水就会上浮，同时把这些必须营养成分带到水面处，供生活在那里的浮游植物生长的需要。
When surface waters are cold, deeper depths are allowed to upwell, bringing these essential nutrients toward the surface where the phytoplankton may use them.
虽然后来的实验证实，这种方法增加了浮游植物的生长，但实地试验表明，这种生长不会显著降低大气中的二氧化碳。
While experiments subsequently confirmed that such a procedure increases phytoplankton growth, field tests have shown that such growth does not significantly lower atmospheric carbon dioxide.
牠们的尾巴画出一道光弧，浮游生物在海浪中闪闪发亮，一群小鱼趁势而起，在月色下闪耀着银白色的光辉，犹如一座新生的星群。
Their tails leave arcs of light as plankton glow in the waves. A school of minnows rises up, flashing silver in the moonlight like a new constellation.
也就是说，塑料的数量竟达到海洋食物链第一环浮游生物的112倍。
That can mean as much as 112 times more plastic than plankton, the first link in the marine food chain.
最近的研究表明，那种认为海水温度升高会阻碍海洋浮游生物生长的担忧并非空穴来风。
Recent research suggests the fear that warming oceans could hamper phytoplankton growth may be real.
它——温和的巨人，是滤食动物，通过在游泳时张大嘴巴来捕食浮游生物与小鱼。
The gentle giants are filter feeders, swimming with their wide mouths open to collect plankton and small fish.
浮游植物(还有陆生植物)能利用碳水化合物，将其作为“建筑材料”，供生长所需。人类和鱼类也能直接食用植物，以从中得到同样的碳水化合物。
Phytoplankton (and land plants) use carbohydrates as "building blocks" to grow; fish and humans consume plants to get these same carbohydrates.
目前好几个大学的科学家正在组队以进行下一步的研究，例如寻找可能保存在化石碎片四周泥土中的浮游生物化石。
Scientists from several universities are teaming up for further research, such as searching for fossil plankton that may have been preserved in mud surrounding the fossil pieces.
但在某些水域，如北极水域，气候变暖将使浮游植物的生存条件变得更加恶劣。
But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions worse for phytoplankton.
但在某些水域，如北极水域，气候变暖将使浮游植物的生存条件变得更加恶劣。
But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions worse for phytoplankton.
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