沙经沉积固结形成沙岩。
你们会在拉曲吉亚洞穴中发现许多沉积下来的石膏。
其他可靠的证据表明，边界粘土的沉积不可能需要100万年。
Other reliable evidence suggests that the deposition of the boundary clay could not have taken one million years.
回收的盐和在海底沉积的粘土矿物中所含的盐是无法准确计算的。
There was no way to account accurately by recycled salt and salt incorporated into clay mineral deposited on the sea floors.
页岩沉积在一个缺氧的湖泊里，那里有时会冒出致命的气体，杀死动物。
The shale was deposited in an oxygen-deficient lake where lethal gases sometimes bubbled up and killed animals.
研究小组也将年轮记录的火灾历史与沼泽草甸中沉积的木炭进行了比较。
The team also compared charcoal deposits in boggy meadows within the groves to the tree-ring fire history.
人们曾试图根据现存沉积岩的厚度和目前海洋的盐度水平来计算地球的年龄。
Attempts were made to calculate Earth's age from the thickness of surviving sedimentary rock and from the current level of the oceans' salinity.
由于像如砂岩和砾岩这样的沉积岩是多孔的，它们是地下水的重要潜在来源。
Because they are porous, sedimentary rocks, such as sandstones and conglomerates, are important potential sources of groundwater.
很明显冰川作用就发生在相对不远的过去，因为漂流物很软，像新鲜的沉积物。
It was apparent that the glaciation occurred in the relatively recent past because the drift was soft, like freshly deposited sediment.
不幸的是，这种估测没有充分考虑到过去在侵蚀期间沉积速率或地层总剖面损失的差异。
Unfortunately, such estimates did not adequately account for past differences in rates of sedimentation or losses to the total section of strata during episodes of erosion.
他们在世界各地发现了一层独特的沉积物。
沉积物的分选和压实作用影响渗透率和孔隙度。
Sediment sorting and compaction influence permeability and porosity.
沉积物分选越差或压实越紧，其孔隙度和渗透率就越低。
The more poorly sorted or the more tightly compacted a sediment is, the lower its porosity and permeability.
有机物可能会进行部分分解，并耗尽沉积物中的溶解氧。
The organic matter may partially decompose, using up the dissolved oxygen in the sediment.
目前，我们只能有效地利用自然产生的热水或蒸汽沉积物。
At present, we can make efficient use of only naturally occurring hot water or steam deposits.
这个陨石坑现在深埋在沉积物中，最初直径约200公里。
The crater, now deeply buried in sediment, was originally about 200 kilometers in diameter.
全新世时期的特征为不同的沉积物，它们在气候变暖时形成。
The Holocene Epoch is characterized by different sediments, ones that form when the climate is warmer.
对那些化石沉积物的仔细研究现在揭示了一个有点不同的故事。
Close examination of those fossil deposits now reveals a somewhat different story.
他们说，这些化石已经从原来的安息地转移到更年轻的沉积物中。
They say the fossils have been moved from their original resting places and redeposited in younger sediments.
形成这些沉积物的河流实际上离一个叫做特提斯海的古代海洋不远。
The river that formed these deposits was actually not far from an ancient ocean known as the Tethys Sea.
他们发现了一艘史前的船，这艘船依靠埋藏它的沉积物保存了下来。
They had found a prehistoric boat, preserved by the type of sediment in which it was buried.
石油由原油和天然气组成，它们似乎来源于海洋沉积物中的有机物质。
Petroleum, consisting of crude oil and natural gas, seems to originate from organic matter in marine sediment.
事实上，海洋无脊椎动物不变的外壳是通过1亿年前的沉积物发现的。
Indeed, unaltered shells of marine invertebrates are known from deposits over 100 million years old.
因此，无论是疏松或胶结，沉积物总体积都有一部分是由空隙组成的。
Thus a proportion of the total volume of any sediment, loose or cemented, consists of empty space.
作为地质学家，我们研究地球表面的沉积层以估算过去地质时期的年代。
As geologists, we examine layers of sediment on the Earth' s surface to approximate the dates of past geologic time periods.
这些海洋有一个典型的海底，只不过这个海底被几公里厚的沉积物覆盖。
These seas have a typical oceanic floor, except that the floor is overlaid by several kilometers of sediment.
大多数沙漠河床通常是干燥的，但它们偶尔也会有大量的水流和沉积物。
Most desert streambeds are normally dry, but they occasionally receive large flows of water and sediment.
所以沉积物被运输，然后沉积，随着时间的推移，它在地球表面形成了层。
So sediment is transported and then deposited and it forms layers on the Earth's surface over time.
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