至少从达尔文时代开始，生物学家就一直在试图理解和定义物种形成的机制。
Since at least Darwin time, biologists have been trying to understand and define the mechanisms for speciation.
新的动力机械和人工肥料现在已经完全改变了从石器时代开始的一种生活方式。
New power machinery and artificial fertilizers have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.
当冰河时代开始时，大陆上的冰原逐渐增大，从海洋中蒸发出来的水逐渐减少，而这些水最终又会回到陆地上。
When an ice age begins, the continental ice sheets grow, steadily reducing the amount of water evaporated from the ocean that will eventually return to it.
由于德国传统的坦南鲍姆圣诞树，圣诞节在维多利亚时代开始流行起来。
Christmas really took off for the Victorians because of the German tradition of the Tannenbaum Christmas tree.
商业性的木材砍伐自淘金时代开始，红杉树仍在继续砍伐，在木材公司和环保主义者之间引起争议。
Commercial felling of timber since the Gold Rush era, the red cedar is continuing deforestation, timber companies and environmentalists are among the subject of debate.
最初先是海盗来到加拿大东部，此后从欧洲人进行探险的时代开始一直到近现代，北美大陆的历史在此阶段迅速展开。
The first vistors are a gang of pirates after which , the Europeans have started their expedition and explorations which has been enduring to the contemporary times.
至少从里根时代开始，人们普遍认为，蛋糕只管做大就行了，而实现这一点最好的办法就是解放市场和投资者，然后放任自由。
At least since Reagan, the consensus was that you just had to make the pie grow, and the best way to do that was to unshackle markets and investors, and then get out of the way.
确切地说，也许它并不是以这种方式产生的，但是IBM在过去50年参与了最大的数据库开发，而这一切都是从卡带和磁带时代开始的。
Well, maybe it didn't exactly happen that way, but IBM has been involved in some of the biggest database developments of the past 50 years. It all began in the era of punch CARDS and disk platters.
这些调查结果起源于试图回答一个更宽广的问题，它从亚当和夏娃时代开始就困扰着人们——人们是怎样以及为什么会陷入爱河？
Such findings spring from attempts to answer a broader question that has bedeviled humanity since Adam and Eve: how and why do people fall in love?
自从工业时代开始以来，海洋表层水的pH就已经缓慢地下降，但是值得注意的是已经从8.2下降到8.1，而且还在继续下降。
Since the beginning of the industrial era, the pH of surface waters has decreased slightly but significantly from 8.2 to 8.1, and it continues to decrease.
接着，从维多利亚时代开始首次出现的银行挤兑直到财政部承诺担保该国第五大抵押贷款银行NorthernRock的全部存款才停止。
Then the first bank run in Britain since Victorian times was stopped only when the Treasury guaranteed all the deposits at beleaguered Northern Rock, the country's fifth-biggest mortgage lender.
这要追溯到无法考究的古老时代——至少是从希波克拉底（古希腊名医）时代开始，年轻的医生们就开始学习依靠辨别病人的呼吸气味来寻找疾病的迹象。
SINCE time immemorial—or at least as far back as Hippocrates—novice physicians have been taught to smell patients' breath for signs of illness.
结果显示，绝经后的妇女吸烟使患乳腺癌的风险增加16%，曾经吸烟的妇女患乳腺癌的风险增加9%，风险最高的是那些吸烟超过50年以上的妇女，如果妇女从青少年时代开始吸烟那么患病的风险会很高，即使停止吸烟20年后患乳腺癌的风险也会持续下去。
The results show that smokers have a 16% increased risk of developing breast cancer after the menopause. The increased risk for former smokers is 9%.
另外两项发展预示着公路收费站时代的结束，并开始了一场交通革命，从而促进了区域专业化和国家市场经济的发展。
Two other developments presaged the end of the era of turnpikes and started a transportation revolution that resulted in increased regional specialization and the growth of a national market economy.
随着温室气体浓度的下降，地球开始再次变冷，最终又将回到冰河时代。
Gradually as the concentration of greenhouse gases goes down, Earth starts to cool again, and eventually you slip back into an Ice Age.
维多利亚时代的人们开始将女性禁锢起来，直到今日，她们仍在努力挣脱牢笼。
Victorians started putting women in a box, and they're still trying to crawl out of it.
考古证据开始指向一个横跨（英吉利）海峡的青铜时代聚落，它是被大海连接的，而不是被大海分开。
Archaeological evidence was beginning to suggest a Bronze-Age community straddling the Channel, brought together by the sea, rather than separated by it.
我们这里在说的是新石器时代，是石器开始被青铜和其他金属制工具所取代之前的那个时代。
We are talking about the Neolithic period here, which was the time before stone tools began to be replaced by tools made of bronze and other metals.
有越来越多的证据表明，人类的存在使地球发生了巨大的变化，地质史上的一个新时代已经开始了——即人世时代，一个受人类影响的新时代。
There is growing evidence that the presence of humans has altered the Earth so much that a new Epoch of geologic history has begun—the Anthropocene Epoch, a new human-influenced Epoch.
心智功能衰退通常被视为老年问题，但一项新的研究表明，大脑功能的某些方面实际上在青年时代就开始衰退了。
Declining mental function is often seen as a problem of old age, but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood, a new study suggests.
在同父异母的哥哥的搀扶下，他开始踏上少年时代的沙地，这一次他穿了一双价值135美元的飞人乔丹鞋。
With his half brother steadying him, he began to tread the sandy footpaths of his youth, this time wearing a pair of $135 Air Jordans.
我们在电话里谈论我们的学生时代，然后他开始谈论他的母亲。
We talked about our school days on the phone, then he started talking about his mother.
二十世纪初标志着一个时代的开始与终结。
The early twentieth century marked an era of beginnings and endings.
受到他所谓的模糊的星际迷航的观点-碳是人类生命和文化的中心的影响，他离开时代杂志，开始追求他的梦想-对碳进行更进一步的了解。
Propelled by what he calls a "foggy Star Trek sense that carbon is the central element of life and civilization, " Roston left TIME and began to pursue his ideas.
受到他所谓的模糊的星际迷航的观点-碳是人类生命和文化的中心的影响，他离开时代杂志，开始追求他的梦想-对碳进行更进一步的了解。
Propelled by what he calls a "foggy Star Trek sense that carbon is the central element of life and civilization, " Roston left TIME and began to pursue his ideas.
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