到二十世纪初，科学家们认为，在更新世期间，有四次不同的冰川作用对北美和欧洲产生了影响。
By the early part of the twentieth century, scientists believed that four distinct glaciations had affected North America and Europe during the Pleistocene epoch.
情况的恶化程度取决于这两种作用对通胀预期的影响。
How much to worry depends on whether this combination affects people's expectations of future inflation.
适当的水合作用对身体好是重要的，您需要喝纯净水。
Proper hydration is vital to good health and to have that, you need to drink pure water.
我们猜想，夜晚的光线作用对抑郁的影响也许涉及到褪黑素的抵制。
We suspect that suppression of melatonin may be involved in the effects of light at night on depressed affect.
无论你多么讨厌它，但其中的交互作用对完成工作都是至关重要的。
No matter how much we do not like it, the interactions are crucial to get work done.
海森博士说：“了解生物体对矿物形成的惊人作用对人们探索宇宙非常重要。”
Understanding just how dramatically life shapes minerals will play an important role in the exploration of the universe, says Dr Hazen.
举例来说，巧克力有丰富的抗氧化剂，能减少氧化作用对细胞和动脉的持续破坏。
For one, chocolate is a plentiful source of antioxidants. These are substances that reduce the ongoing cellular and arterial damage caused by oxidative reactions.
这些副作用对大部分人来说并不是大问题，尤其是药效在开始的时候很少，然后才缓慢起效。
These side effects are usually not a problem for most people, especially if the dose starts off low and is increased slowly over time.
研究人员对参与者的大脑活化作用进行观察。 大脑活化作用对人类行为做出理解且进行相应的准备。
In all participants, activation was observed in areas of the brain previously associated with the observation, understanding and preparation of human action.
瑞典研究人员发现沉积物对碳的截留作用对温度变化极其敏感，气候一变暖，大气中二氧化碳的排放量就会增加。
Swedish researchers have shown that carbon retention by sediment is highly temperature-sensitive and that a warmer climate would result in increased carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere.
失业对我国的经济起着破坏作用。
他对恢复玛格里特艺术家的名誉起了重要的作用。
He played a major role in rehabilitating Magritte as an artist.
我意识到我们应该研究食物糜烂后滋生的细菌，但是食物包装应该起到了很大的作用，对吧？
I realize we're supposed to research food-born bacteria, but food packaging must play a role in all of that, right?
蚂蚁还吃嫩叶顶端的黄色结构：这些结构富含蛋白质，除了吸引蚂蚁外似乎对树没有作用。
The ants also eat yellow structures at the tip of leaflets: these are protein rich and seem to have no function for the tree except to attract ants.
冬天覆盖在地面的雪，实际上对下面的土壤有隔热作用。
The snow, which blankets the ground in the winter, actually has an insulating effect on the soil beneath it.
通货膨胀因其对收入分配的反作用而被认为是不利的。
Inflation is considered to be undesirable because of its adverse effects on income distribution.
这种假设对增加社会对离婚的接纳起了相当大的作用。
This assumption played a considerable part in increasing the social acceptability of divorce.
这家公司保证供货质优价廉的承诺对它的成功起了决定性的作用。
The company's commitment to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success.
旅游业不仅对世界经济产生了深远的影响，而且由于旅游的教育作用和对就业的影响，也对社会本身产生了深远的影响。
Tourism has a profound impact both on the world economy and, because of the educative effect of travel and the effects on employment, on society itself.
他发现这种细菌对小鼠的作用与抗抑郁药物的作用相似。
He found the bacterium had a similar effect on the mice as an anti-depressive drug might.
女生更有可能经常发言，并对课堂有重要的促进作用。
Girls are more likely to speak up frequently and make significant contributions to classes.
这是引力与行星的相互作用，对吧？
遗传在决定偏侧性方面起到了一定作用，但环境因素（对偏侧性）也有影响。
Genetics plays a part in determining lateralisation, but environmental factors have an impact too.
由于这是一种新的作用机制，这些化合物对多种耐药变体具有
Since it is a new mechanism of action, these compounds are active against multi-drug resistant variants.
尤其是分子美食学，它是一门相对较新的学科，依赖于对香气作用机制的理解，从而最大限度地利用香气。
The relatively new discipline of molecular gastronomy, especially, relies on understanding the mechanics of aroma to manipulate flavor for maximum impact.
矮树丛对我的下跌起到了缓冲作用。
碱渣对酸性土壤有良好的改良作用，对荔枝、芸豆、番茄、番薯产量有明显提高。
Soda residues can favorable improve acidity soil, and have obvious increase in production of lichee, kidney bean, tomato and sweet potato.
与海胆或豪猪身上的尖刺相互作用的结果对任何经过的生物来说都是相当明显的。
The consequences of interacting with the array of sharp spines on a sea urchin or porcupine are pretty obvious to any creature passing by.
相反，强劲的电池对电动引擎起驱动作用。
相反，强劲的电池对电动引擎起驱动作用。
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