如果我们捕获了所有价电子会怎样呢?
我们通过一个叫做平均价电子能的量来解决这一问题。
We solve this problem by a quantity called the average valence electron energy.
现在在这个结构下,我说过讨论这些价电子可能会让我们对化学反应有更深的理解。
Now with this framework, I said that talking about these valence electrons might give us some insight into chemical reactivity.
我们都知道,因为氧气中的硫和氯具有不同的平均价电子能,它们的电子亲和力也不同。
We know that because the sulfur and the chlorine in the oxygen have different average valence electron energies, they'll have different electron affinities.
然后它说,考虑所有的价电子。
我们下一步要考虑的是价电子。
他们有较低的平均价电子能。
换句话说,就是所有价电子的平均能量。
In other words, if the average energy of all the valence electrons.
但是如果我们捕获了所有价电子又怎样呢。
所以lewis结构里,有8个价电子。
So what we should have is 8 valence electrons in our Lewis structure.
我们有七个价电子。
同样的,我们只讨论价电子。
氯有几个价电子?
他所做的全部是,考虑到了价电子的关系。
And, all he's done is leave the valence electrons associated.
这是B2的价电子构型。
那么碳有四个价电子。
它说,好的,把具有最低平均价电子能的元素画在中心。
And, it says, OK, center the element with the lowest average valence electron energy.
氯的价电子能很高。
那么我们总共有二十六个价电子,在这种情况下。
So we end up having 26 valence electrons that we're dealing with here.
让我们来看一下C2的,价电子构型是怎么样的。
So let's think about what this valence electron configuration is for c 2.
好了,这就是,价电子轨道理论的,最简单的解释。
All right, so that's really all there is to thinking about valence bond theory in terms of the most simple explanation here.
要记得,我们讨论的只是价电子,也就是最外层的电子。
And remember, we're only talking about valence electrons, so the outer-most shells.
但是这里我们要加上一个,那么跟刚才一样,我们有十个价电子。
But here we're going to add 1, so again, we have 10 valence electrons.
它的平均价电子能是,5。2电子伏,那比11电子伏要少得多。
Its average valence electron energy is 5.2 electron volts, which is a heck of a lot less than 11.
我们现在可以考虑,怎么在价电子成键理论中描述这个键。
So, we can think about now how do we describe this bond in valence bond theory.
后将中心原子与其相邻原子之间,连上单键,然后减掉2个价电子。
OK, then it says draw a single bond from each surrounding atom to the central atom, and subtract two valence electrons.
在这之前我们要引入价电子成键理论,和杂化轨道的概念。
And to do this we're going to introduce valence bond theory, and the idea of hybridization of orbitals.
那么,第七步要做的是看看,我们还有没有剩下的价电子。
So, what we do as our seventh step is then figure out if we have any extra valence electrons left at all.
我想要说的是我们如果,只考虑价电子也可以得到相同的键序。
So what I want to tell you is we also always get the same bond order if we instead only deal with the valence electrons.
通过查周期表可以看到它就在氧的正下方,因此它们两个都有六个价电子。
By looking at the periodic table it's right underneath oxygen, so those both have 6 valence electrons.
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