人类以前一直都要面对环境变化。
人类以前所认知的创造游戏被完全颠覆了。
The whole game of creation according to man's understanding is turned upside down.
第一头母狼一度允许杰米在她生小狼后进入狼窝，因为母狼将生产作为秘密的事，人类以前从未尝试过这种行为。
At one point, the alpha female allowed Jamie to enter the wolf den after she gave birth to pups -- behavior never previously attempted by humans since female wolves keep the birthing process private.
我们的身体比以前差，这就是因为我们现在的生存环境和人类以前的生存环境有很大的不同。进化是人类为了适应野外的恶劣生存环境而产生的。
Our own bodies are worse off than most simply because of the many differences between the wilderness in which we evolved and the modern world in which we live.
在人类出现很早以前，地球上就出现了鱼类、爬虫类、鸟类和一些哺乳动物。
Long before Man lived on the Earth, there were fishes, reptiles, birds, insects, and some mammals.
一些律师事务所现在使用人工智能软件来扫描和阅读堆积如山的法律文件，这些工作以前是由高薪的人类律师完成的。
Some law firms now use artificial intelligence software to scan and read mountains of legal documents, work that previously was performed by highly paid human lawyers.
如果早期人类没有像以前那样频繁地移动和融合，他们可能会继续进化成不同的物种。
If early humans hadn't moved and intermingled as much as they did, they probably would have continued to evolve into different species.
人类为了养活比以前更多的人口，需要获得可耕地，因此大量砍伐树木。
To feed the larger population, humans need to obtain arable land, so there is a massive clearing of trees.
人类很早以前就知道了武器的用处。
表明人类仍在进化的研究以前曾有开展，但是将个人的生育成功与生理变化直接作比较分析，这被认为还是第一次。
Research suggesting humans are evolving has been carried out before, but this is believed to be the first that directly compares reproductive success of individuals with physiological changes.
关于超生物体的观点以前就有，当时其它领域的研究人员认为人类拥有一套不同的内部生态系统。
The notion of a superorganism has emerged before, as researchers in other fields have come to view humans as having a diverse internal ecosystem.
他们类似的电视时代大概在很久以前，甚至在人类想到要在天空中搜索智慧生命信号之前就到来又过去了。
Their analogue TV age probably came and went long ago, before humans even thought about searching the sky for signs of intelligent life.
研究人员通过检验老鼠的大脑发现了一组基因在表达上的变化，其中一些在以前被认为与人类酒精上瘾有关。
Examining the rats' brains, the researchers found a change in the expression of a number of genes, some of which had previously been linked to alcoholism in humans.
但实际上，史上有很多冰河时代，而且大多在人类出现很久以前。
But in fact there have been many ice ages, most of them long before humans made their first appearance.
这次试验中使用的动物是老鼠，这种动物和以前用于试验的线虫和果蝇比起来已经很接近人类了。
But that is much closer to humans than the nematode worms and fruit flies which were the subjects of previous successful experiments on drug-induced life extension.
他说，在2050年以前将有几百万百无聊赖的人类将把自己冷冻起来，以便移居到未来世界去历险。
By 2050, he said, millions of bored human beings would freeze themselves in order to emigrate into the future to find adventure.
以前曾已将肝细胞转变为制造胰岛素的细胞，但科学家明白该技术还是首次，他们也相信最终该技术将应用于人类的糖尿病治疗。
Liver cells have been coverted to insulin producers before but this is the first time scientists have understood the technique and believe eventually could lead to treatment for humans.
但是因为电脑比人类快很多倍，当计算时，我们希望它突破新的界限——可以解决我们以前不能达到的问题。
But since computers are much faster than humans when it comes to computation, we hope that new frontiers will be broken - enabling us to solve the problems that were unreachable before.
就像是怕以前作用还不够似的，现在防晒霜遮阳剂包含的纳米粒子越来越多，比人类头发直径的千分之一还小。
As if that were not enough of an impact, sunscreens increasingly contain nanoparticles, smaller than one one-thousandth the diameter of a human hair.
在所有正折磨着大海的破坏分子中，二氧化碳只为其一。从很久很久以前，人类就把海洋当作垃圾桶来使用了。
OF ALL the blights afflicting the sea, carbon dioxide is just one. Man has used the oceans as a dustbin for far too long.
在发明这些陶罐陶钵以前，人类只能将食物储存在地洞里或者树皮树藤编织的篮子里，这样很容易被老鼠之类小动物偷吃，同时也很受天气影响。 比如篮子吧，磨损得快，也容易受干受潮。
Before the discovery of the pot, people stored their food in holes in the ground or in baskets - both vulnerable to thieving creatures and, in the case of the baskets, to wear and to weather.
很久以前，缺乏沟通的时候，人类可能会用这个器官来寻找配偶。
Once upon a time, humans would have used this organ to locate mates when communication was not possible.
虽然舞蹈被认为是人类的一种基本的表达方式，但以前它很少引起神经生物学家的关注。
Even though dance is a fundamental form of human expression, neuroscientists have given it relatively little consideration.
由斯坦福大学的社会科学家约翰·基辛格带领的一支国际研究队伍对夏威夷岛的历史进行了研究调查，调查的目的是要发现人类对珊瑚礁的影响可以追溯到多久以前。
An international team of researchers led by social scientist John Kittinger of Stanford University looked into the islands' history to see how far back human impacts on the reefs could be traced.
例如，我们都知道，16万年以前在埃塞俄比亚就有早期现代人类，其他还有在摩洛哥的，像这样一些人种均有可能是我们祖先中的一部分。
We know, for example, that there were early modern humans in Ethiopia 160, 000 years ago and others in Morocco, and populations like those may also have contributed to our ancestry.
10年以前，解码人类基因序列使一些人感到失望。他们原来希望这个进展能够加速研发严重疾病的治疗方法。
Decoding the human genome a decade ago has disappointed some people who were hoping for the speedy development of cures for devastating illnesses.
十万年以前，人类的嘴开始变得越来越小，越来越不向前突起。
Over 100, 000 years ago, the human mouth started getting smaller and protruding less.
动物骨头上的凿痕表明，人类祖先在340万年以前就开始使用石头去切割肉类。
Gouge marks in animal bones suggest human ancestors used stones to cut meat 3.4m years ago. Photograph: Dikika Research Project/PA
动物骨头上的凿痕表明，人类祖先在340万年以前就开始使用石头去切割肉类。
Gouge marks in animal bones suggest human ancestors used stones to cut meat 3.4m years ago. Photograph: Dikika Research Project/PA
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