目的为专利药降价提供参考和备选路径。
Objective to offer several ways to reduce prices of proprietary drugs.
不论是品牌药还是非专利药，谁为药钱买单？
这一道理适用于成百上千种物品，从专利药到漂白剂再到香料。
True of hundreds of items from patent medicines to bleach to spices.
这家非专利药公司的仿制药拥有180天的独家销售权。
The generic producers will have 180 days of marketing exclusivity on the generic versions.
作为单一成分出售的辛伐他汀是非专利药，商品名为舒降之。
Simvastatin is sold as a single-ingredient generic medication and as the brand-name Zocor.
另外一项挑战是购买足够的螯合剂：这属于昂贵的药物，没有非专利药。
A further challenge is the purchase of sufficient chelating agents: these are expensive drugs that are not available as generics.
他们鼓励医生给患者开较便宜的非专利药，而不是价格更高的品牌药。
They encourage doctors to prescribe cheaper generic drugs instead of more expensive brand names.
这个月早些时候，美国的联邦贸易委员会将这项调查扩大到了非专利药公司。
Earlier this month, America's FTC extended its probe to include generics companies.
技术派在市场交易中对图形的利用，某种程度上就像用专利药治疗不治之症。
The appeal of chart reading to the stock-market trader is something like that of a patent medicine to an incurable invalid.
有两个领域是例外：一是医药，“后起之秀”们偏向于制造低利润的非专利药；
This is despite two significant exceptions: in pharmaceuticals, where the challengers have tended to make low-margin generic drugs;
如同亚洲其它新兴制药部门一样，韩国制药工业已把主要精力放在了非专利药上。
Like many other emerging pharmaceutical sectors in Asia, the South Korean pharmaceutical industry has concentrated most of its efforts in generics.
一些常用药包括非专利药二甲双胍，它是百时美施贵宝公司的产品，商品名叫格华止。
Some common medications include metformin, which is available generically and also known by the Bristol-Myers Squibb brand name Glucophage.
辉瑞和其它大制药公司一样都面临着非专利药的威胁，辉瑞公司正进行战略性收缩和重塑。
Like many big pharmas facing a generics threat, Pfizer is slimming down and restructuring.
在花少量的钱就能治好的情况下，给感冒流鼻涕这些的常见病开出昂贵的专利药毫无意义。
It makes no sense to prescribe an expensive patented medicine for the sniffles when something that costs cents will do the job.
2012年，辉瑞失去了对这种药物的专有权，生产廉价非专利药的公司将和它展开竞争。
In 2012, Pfizer lost the exclusive rights to the drug, opening it up to competition from companies that produce cheaper, generic versions.
这些非专利药品和专利药完全一样，只是没有品牌名称，也就是不向医药公司支付巨额专利费。
They are the exact same product, but without the brand name — or the fat patent payments to drug companies.
不要购买非专利药：有些非专利药在质量上是无法与他们标价高昂的兄弟产品相媲美的，没错！
Not buying generics: While it's true that some generics don't measure up in quality to their higher-priced Cousins, it's also true that other generics are literally identical.
结果与结论相关制度的设计和实施还需继续完善，应结合具体情况对专利药降价的路径进行选择。
Results and conclusions It needs to improve the design and implement of relative regulations continuously, and choose the way to reduce pri…
从治疗致命疾病的药品到止痛药和抗组胺药等价格低廉的非专利药品，各种药物都有造假的情况出现。
All kinds of medicines have been counterfeited, from medicines for the treatment of life-threatening conditions to inexpensive generic versions of painkillers and antihistamines.
在私立部门，非专利药品的价格比国家参考价格平均高出六倍以上。一般来说，专利品牌药会更加昂贵。
In the private sector, generic medicines cost on average six times more than their international reference price, while originator brands are generally even more expensive.
中国的政策支持会更进一步降低仿制药的价格，这会给药品研发机构及国际非专利药公司带来深远影响。
Chinese policy will drive generic prices down still further, with far-reaching consequences for both R&D players and international generic companies.
一个世界卫生组织令人惊喜的研究展现了非专利药对治疗艾滋病的抗逆转录病毒复合药和鸡尾酒药的影响。
This is a fascinating research from WHO that shows the effect of generic drugs on anti-retroviral drug compounds and cocktails.
国家担心，制药公司会利用不公平的手法，真正是书本上的每一个把戏，来降低价格较低的非专利药的竞争性。
Countries fear that pharmaceutical companies will use unfair tactics, really, every trick in the book, to reduce competition from lower-priced generics.
这个梦想的实现，源于驱动美国非专利药产业的1984年Hatch -Waxman法案中有趣的一面。
It works because of an interesting aspect of the Hatch-Waxman legislation of 1984 that kick-started the us generic industry.
无品牌非专利药会使药品竞争异常激烈，以美国为例，某专利药在保护期到期后的一年内其价格降幅会超过85%。
Where competition from unbranded generics is fiercest, for instance in America, the price of a given drug falls by more than 85% within a year of patent expiry.
无品牌非专利药会使药品竞争异常激烈，以美国为例，某专利药在保护期到期后的一年内其价格降幅会超过85%。
Where competition from unbranded generics is fiercest, for instance in America, the price of a given drug falls by more than 85% within a year of patent expiry.
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