The structural and magnetic properties of the granular film are studied by atomic force microscope, energy dispersion X-ray spectrum, X-ray diffraction, and alternating gradient magnetometer.
利用原子力显微镜、能量散射X射线谱、X射线衍射和交变梯度磁强计研究了该颗粒膜材料的结构和磁学性质。
The coating composition, microstructure and phases were investigated by energy dispersive X ray analysis (EDXA), X ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM)and image analyzer.
运用能谱技术（EDXA）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和图像分析仪对涂层成分、显微组织、涂层相结构和组成进行了分析。
The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electronic microscope (SEM), photoluminescence (PL) and X-ray excited luminescence (XEL) spectra.
分别以X-射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、光致发光（PL）光谱及X-射线激发的发光（XEL）光谱对样品进行了表征。
The prepared product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(sem)、透射电镜(tem)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对制备的产品进行了表征。
The prepared product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(sem)、透射电镜(tem)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对制备的产品进行了表征。
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