The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries.
翼龙是第一批会飞的脊椎动物，它的化石遗迹已经吸引了古生物学家两个多世纪。
Huxley reasoned that flying vertebrates must have been warm-blooded because flying implies a high rate of metabolism, which in turn implies a high internal temperature.
赫胥黎推断，会飞的脊椎动物一定是温血动物，因为飞行意味着较高的新陈代谢率，而新陈代谢率又意味着较高的内部温度。
The amount of energy that can be produced anaerobically is a function of the amount of glycogen present—in all vertebrates about 0.5 percent of their muscles' wet weight.
能以无氧方式产生的能量是存在的糖原量的功能——在所有脊椎动物中，糖原量约占其肌肉湿重的0.5%。
Scientists say that humans may first "talk" with mammals and then other vertebrates such as fish.
科学家说，人类可能会先与哺乳动物“交谈”，然后是其他脊椎动物，比如鱼。
In vertebrates, gap junction hemichannels are primarily homo- or hetero-hexamers of connexin proteins.
在脊椎动物中，间隙连接的半通道主要是连接蛋白的同型或异型六聚体。
Lampreys are the simplest living vertebrates.
七鳃鳗是一种最简单的活体脊椎动物。
Fish, birds and human beings are all vertebrates.
鱼、鸟和人类都是脊椎动物。
They are vertebrates, that is, animals that have backbones.
它们是脊椎动物，即有脊骨的动物。
But those daring fish were the ancestors of all other land vertebrates, including us.
但是，只有那些勇敢的总鳍鱼成为了陆地上所有脊椎动物(也包括我们人类)的祖先。
Giant tortoises are the longest-lived of all vertebrates, averaging over 100 years.
巨龟是所有脊椎动物中最长寿的，平均年龄超过100岁。
The backs of vertebrates evolved as a kind of horizontal pole under which guts were slung.
进化的脊椎动物的背部就像一个水平杆，内脏就悬挂在这水平杆上。
Prior to this, many scientists did not think that plants could live inside the cells of vertebrates.
在此之前，很多科学家不认为植物能够在脊椎动物细胞内生长。
Twice a month, Falk spent the entire day observing all vertebrates—primarily birds-on the lawn.
福尔克每月两次全天观察草坪上的脊椎动物——主要的是鸟类。
Some 96% of Marine species and 70% of land vertebrates were lost in what has been called "the great dying".
96%的海洋生物种类和70%的陆地脊椎动物在这个所谓的“伟大的死亡”中消失了。
Large bugs in the Lethocerinae family have been known to prey upon small vertebrates including fish and frogs.
我们知道Lethocerinae科(半翅负子蝽科昆虫的一类)的大型昆虫会捕食包括鱼和蛙类在内的小型脊椎动物。
Amphioxus is becoming an emerging model organism for insights into the origin and evolution of vertebrates.
文昌鱼是研究脊椎动物起源与进化十分珍贵的模式动物。
In vertebrates, polyploidy tends to be lethal, but plants can do just fine with all this extra genetic material.
脊椎动物中，多倍体往往是致死的，而多倍体植物却可以很好的存活。
China is rich in wildlife species. There are about 6, 000 vertebrates alone and 30, 000 species of higher plants.
我国野生动植物物种丰富，仅脊椎动物就有6000 多种左右，高等植物3 万多种。
In evolution, Amphioxus, a cephalochordate, has been regarded as the living fossil closest to the vertebrates.
在进化中，头索动物文昌鱼被认为是接近于脊椎动物的活化石。
"But among vertebrates - there's no animal of any sort that has anything like a limb modified as a club," noted Dr Longrich.
不过，朗里奇博士称在脊椎动物世界中，未发现哪种动物的肢体会演变为棍棒式武器。
This is also the same game that early land vertebrates, early amphibians and early relatives of crocs and dinosaurs were playing.
早期的陆地脊椎动物、早期的两栖动物，还有鳄鱼和恐龙的近亲也是如此。
In vertebrates including frogs and humans nerves communicate with muscles by releasing a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine.
包括蛙类和人类的脊椎动物，神经与肌肉的联系是通过释放一种叫做乙酰胆碱的神经递质进行的。
In vertebrates this protein is found in retinal cells, where it transduces the energy of light into a nerve signal to the brain.
在脊椎动物中这个蛋白主要存在于视网膜细胞中，在那里它将光能转化为传入大脑的神经信号。
Dr Haussler wants to sequence 10,000 vertebrates, a sixth of the total number of species of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
Haussler博士想测序1万种脊椎动物的基因组，这个数目也即是包括鱼类，两栖类，爬行类，鸟类和哺乳动物等所有物种总数的六分之一。
So there's incredible potential for new discoveries that can change our view not only of penguin evolution, but of other Marine vertebrates.
所以我们极有可能发现许多新的东西，说不定除了能改变我们对企鹅进化的观点，还能改变对其他海底脊椎动物进化的看法。
Fossils of paleo vertebrates and paleo anthropoids of scientific value shall be protected by the state in the same way as cultural relics.
具有科学价值的古脊椎动物化石和古人类化石同文物一样受国家保护。
The idea that birds—the most diverse group of land vertebrates, with nearly 10, 000 living species—descended directly from dinosaurs isn't new.
鸟类是陆生脊椎动物中分支最多的群体，拥有将近10000个不同的种类，有科学家认为鸟类是直接从恐龙进化而来的，这种想法并不新鲜。
According to a new evolutionary study, venomous species of fish outnumber not just such snakes, but all other venomous vertebrates combined.
根据一项新的进化研究，有毒鱼类的数量不仅超过蛇类，而且超过了所有其它有毒脊椎动物的数量之和。
It works in the same way as bacteria, insects and even vertebrates like birds and sharks detect magnetic fields for orientation and navigation.
这种传感器的工作原理和许多生物一样。细菌、昆虫，甚至是鸟类和鲨鱼等脊椎动物都能通过探测磁场来进行定位和导航。
If Archaeopteryx was a dinosaur, this means flight evolved at least four times in vertebrates: in reptiles, birds, dinosaurs, and most recently in bats.
如果“始祖鸟”是一只恐龙，这意味着飞行能力在脊椎动物史里进化了至少4次：爬行类、鸟类、恐龙，还有最近的一次——蝙蝠。
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