The researchers are not yet certain how the gene mutation works to shift people's sleep time.
但科学家们目前尚不能确定这种基因突变是如何改变人们睡眠时间的。
Researchers are exploring the use of such biological tools as stem cells and gene triggers to prevent-and even reverse-the ravages of time.
研究人员正在探索，使用干细胞及基因触发等生物手段，来防止——甚至逆转——时间对皮肤的摧残。
But it can take a long time for the right mutation to occur, especially if there is a very small target, like the region of DNA that controls a gene.
但要得到最合适的变异基因，耗费的时间会非常长，尤其是所要达到目标非常小时，如DNA中用来控制别的基因的区域部分，将是一项旷日持久的工程。
But start reading and you quickly discover that author Gene Stone dives into the heart of each of these old standbys — and comes up with a pearl every time.
但是开始阅读的时候你很快就会发现作者吉恩斯通可以从这些旧思想中挖掘出珍珠来。
Selective breeding over time created these wide variations, but the process depended on nature to produce the desired gene.
长时间选择性的培育创造了这些广泛的变种，但是这个过程还是要依赖大自然来产生出所需的基因。
Researcher Chris Church said: 'For the first time we have provided convincing proof that the FTO gene causes obesity.
研究员克里斯·丘奇说：“我们第一次提供了令人信服的证据，证明F TO基因导致肥胖。”
The double shot worked: the bacterial gene disrupted the IPK1 gene between 3% and 100% of the time and also made the plants resistant to herbicides, the team reports.
两次连击奏效了：团队报道说，细菌基因一次性中断IPK1基因的几率达到3%—100%，同时植物也具有抗除草剂特性。
The team used zinc fingers that specifically target the IPK1 gene and then added bacterial DNA that would disrupt the gene while at the same time conferring herbicide resistance to the plant.
他们团队用利用锌指结构以IPK1基因为目标，另外添加可以中断此基因同时赋予植物抗除草剂性质的细菌DNA序列。
Around the same time, Fisher and his team engineered mice so that one copy of their FOXP2 gene carried the same mutation as that found in the KE family.
与此同时，费舍尔和他的团队也培养了在FOXP2基因中一种携带和KE家庭同样突变的老鼠。
When the intended gene, which would have been inserted at the same time, comes along, the recombinase recognises it, and binds the DNA to the ends, repairing the break (see diagram).
当预期的可同时植入的基因出现时，承认它的重组酶，会把它固定在DNA的两端，开始修补DNA(见图)。
That means the gene has the ability to transform even large populations in a short amount of time, Crisanti says.
Crisanti说，这意味着基因有能够在短时间内变成大群体的能力。
Church recalls seeing plasmid and gene sequences for the first time-penicillinase and insulin, the lac repressor and interferon.
Church回忆第一次见到了质粒和基因序列的情形-青霉素酶和胰岛素，阻遏物和干扰素。
Scientists had previously thought the circadian clock was driven by gene activity, but both the algae and the red blood cells kept time without it.
科学家们曾认为昼夜节律的调节是受基因活动支配，但海藻和红细胞中都不含DNA。
The result is a massive saving in time, since without the atlas each researcher could spend a lifetime trying to gather complete gene-expression data for his or her work.
这样做的结果是大大节省了时间。因为没有图谱，每个研究者为了他或他的研究，可能会花费一生的时间来搜集完整的基因表达数据。
Scientists had thought that the circadian clock was driven by gene activity, but both the algae and the red blood cells kept time without it.
科学家认为生物钟是受基因活动影响，但是藻类和红细胞没有基因也同样按照生物钟运行。
The U-M analysis supports previous findings that individuals who had a short allele on a particular area the serotonin gene had a harder time bouncing back from trauma than those with long alleles.
密歇根大学分析认为之前的研究是正确的：在血清素基因的某一特定位置有一等位基因，而这等位基因越短的人往往越不容易从情感创伤中走出来。
Scientists have isolated a gene sequence that appears to determine how fast our bodies age, the first time a link between DNA and human lifespan has been found.
科学家已经分离出一种看起来能决定人体衰老速度的基因序列。此发现首次将DNA与人类寿命联系起来。
Despite this, it wasn't clear whether the gene causes obesity, or is simply tends to occur at the same time to something else that does.
尽管如此，是基因导致肥胖，还是同时有其它原因导致肥胖尚不明确。
One-time use of cocaine increases levels of G9a. But repeated use works the other way, suppressing the protein and reducing its overall control of gene activation.
吸食一次可卡因会增加G9a的浓度，然而上瘾之后反而会使其浓度降低，抑制蛋白质的活动，削弱其对基因开关的全面控制。
A known gene with a desirable quality can be inserted into a rice plant and the time, tedium and errors of the old breeding techniques avoided.
一个已知的质量优良的基因可以运用到水稻种植中去，并且可以节约旧饲养技术的时间，使得饲养变得不那么沉闷，避免饲养错误。
The time effect relationship between positional transfered novel gene (HCY 2) and neural tube teratogenesis, and their possible mechanisms were studied.
本文旨在研究定位转新基因(HCY -2)与神经管畸形发生的时间-效应关系及可能的作用机理。
The process of ageing is a complex matter in which many different genes appear to be involved, but in time it may become possible to use gene therapy to slow down ageing, if not eliminate it.
衰老过程是一个复杂的事情，涉及到许多不同的基因。但是，人们即使不能消除衰老，最终也能够用基因疗法减缓衰老。
The scientists have used these complexes to visualize gene silencing in its natural context for the first time.
科学家们第一次利用这些复合体在自然背景下观察基因沉默。
Testing it for the first time in patients is very important and exciting, and represents a huge step towards establishing gene therapy for the treatment of many different eye conditions.
在病人身上进行首次试验是非常重要和让人非常激动的，这是在用基因治疗手段治疗多种眼科疾病上的巨大的一步。
Testing it for the first time in patients is very important and exciting, and represents a huge step towards establishing gene therapy for the treatment of many different eye conditions.
在病人身上进行首次试验是非常重要和让人非常激动的，这是在用基因治疗手段治疗多种眼科疾病上的巨大的一步。
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