In 1948, struggling independent movie producers and exhibitors finally triumphed in their battle against the big studios' monopolistic behavior.
1948年，苦苦挣扎的独立电影制片人和放映商终于在他们与大制片厂垄断行为的斗争中取得了胜利。
Jim Stern, a former fund manager who has raised enough money to start producing films, reckons he can undercut the big studios by making them for $20m-35m.
吉姆•斯特恩（Jim Stern）曾做过基金经理，后来筹够钱就开始拍摄电影。 据他估算，他拍电影只需要2000万至3500万美元，凭借这一点就可以抢走大公司的生意。
For all the film industry's reputation as a licence to lose money, the media conglomerates that own the big studios nowadays run them more professionally, and keep a closer eye on profitability.
电影行业赔钱是出了名的。如今大型媒体更加专业地运作电影公司，也更加专注收益。
The big studios now spend an average of just over $100m making and selling each film.
大的电影公司现在平均花一亿多美元制作和营销每部电影。
The big studios now spend an average of just over $100m making and selling each film.
大的电影公司现在平均花一亿多美元制作和营销每部电影。
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