Our cases of clashing ends bring us to the question of minimizing social costs.
目的冲突的情况引出了社会成本最小化的问题。
Production and use of goods may result in outcome like pollution and social costs.
货物的生产和使用会带来如污染和社会成本的结果。
Also, the production and use of goods may result in outcomes like pollution or social costs.
同样，生产和产品的使用也可能导致污染和社会成本耗费的结果。
While advertising can be seen as necessary for economic growth, it is not without social costs.
而广告可以被看作是必要的，对经济增长的促进作用，这不是没有社会成本的一些问题。
With Chileans cowed, the Chicago Boys could work as if in a laboratory, with no regard for social costs.
在智利人的威胁下，“芝加哥男孩”不顾社会成本，封闭工作。
The economic and social costs of recession are painful: unemployment, lower wages and profits, and bankruptcy.
衰退的经济代价和社会代价是沉痛的：失业，低工资和利润，还有破产。
Another equally powerful group wants to let markets work their will, regardless of the short-term social costs.
另一个同样强大的群体则希望，让市场按照自己的意愿行事，而不管短期社会成本如何。
Piracy and counterfeits not only caused serious economic losses, but also increased the huge social costs.
仿冒侵权行为不但造成原真品厂商严重的经济损失，更引发了庞大的社会成本。
Let us now turn more specifically to Rizzo's discussion of the law, and its relation to efficiency and social costs.
现在，我们来看里索对法律的讨论，以及法律和效率与社会成本的关系。
A new mining levy will claw back some of firms' growing profits, supposedly to cover environmental and social costs.
对采矿业的高额利润也将课以新税，据以弥补环境和社会成本。
Summary of Background Data. Spinal cord injury is associated with significant personal, economic and social costs.
背景资料摘要：脊髓损伤事关重大的人身，经济和社会代价。
AS job losses mount and bailout costs run into the trillions, the social costs of the economic downturn become clearer.
当事业人数上升和救市资金达到万亿计的时候，经济衰退所造成的社会损失更加明了了。
In the present stage, the aim of nature protection is raising the stability of economical growth and reducing its social costs.
现阶段自然保护的目标是提高经济增长的稳定性和降低经济增长的社会成本。
But addiction can also inflict misery on the families and especially the children of any addict, and involves wider social costs.
但是上瘾也会悲惨的影响到上瘾者的家庭尤其是孩子，以及包括更广泛的社会成本。
The theory mainly from the profit reward theory, the risk of liability theory, theory of social costs, as well as trust relations theory.
其理论来源主要是获利报偿理论、危险责任理论、社会成本理论、以及信赖关系理论。
Only by this way can we prevent the happening of the environmental pollution using economic means according to Coase's point of social costs.
只有明晰产权，才能根据科斯的社会成本观点，用经济手段遏制环境问题的产生。
The price of the toys produced by Holz, Maya Organic and other ethically-minded companies better reflects the true environmental and social costs of production.
由霍尔兹、玛雅有机和其他重视良知的公司所生产的玩具，其价格能更好地反映其生产过程中真实的环境和社会成本。
That simple example captures the classic breakdown in the invisible hand when a product's market price doesn't reflect all its relevant social costs and benefits.
这个简单的例子显示了当市场价格无法准确反映与产品相关的社会成本和收益时，看不见的手就失效了。
And even if one could enforce a ban on cloning, or at least insure that clones would not be a mistreated caste, the social costs of prohibition could still be high.
而即使能对克隆技术实施禁止，或至少确保克隆人不是遭受歧视的等级，禁止的社会代价仍将是巨大的。
But if costs, like utilities, are subjective, nonadditive, and noncomparable, then of course any concept of social costs, including transaction costs, becomes meaningless.
如果成本与效用一样，都是主观的，不可加总、不能比较；那么当然，任何社会成本，包括交易成本的概念就变得毫无意义。
Indeed, these countries see the benefit for the economy, from tax revenue increases to job creation, but other regulatory and social costs challenge firms within the industry.
事实上，这些国家认为受益于经济，税收收入增长创造就业机会，但其他监管和社会成本挑战行业内的公司。
This is not, however, a morally neutral book, and its purpose is to assist, however marginally, in the removal of needless social costs from which many people in the community suffer.
这不是然而，道德中立的书，其目的是协助，但不多，在消除不必要的社会成本从社会上已有不少人受到影响。
When making decisions, health officials and school authorities need to be aware of economic and social costs that can be disproportionately high when viewed against these potential benefits.
做出决策之际，卫生官员和学校当局需要了解的是，当与这些潜在益处对比来看时，可能要付出尤为重大的经济和社会代价。
When making decisions, health officials and school authorities need to be aware of economic and social costs that can be disproportionately high when viewed against these potential benefits.
做出决策之际，卫生官员和学校当局需要了解的是，当与这些潜在益处对比来看时，可能要付出尤为重大的经济和社会代价。
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