Insider trading and market manipulation belong to security fraud, which the authorities all over the world supervise because of their great harmfulness.

内幕交易和市场操纵属于市场欺诈行为，由于其对证券市场具有严重的危害，因此受到大多数国家的严格监管。

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The conclusion of this thesis includes discussions on the rationality and the forward-looking of constructing the system of litigations of security fraud.

结语主要总结了构建我国证券欺诈群体诉讼制度的合理性和该问题的前瞻性。

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Therefore, the key of civil liability of security fraud is taken reasonable standard of causality and prove its existence between investor's damage and fraud.

因此，证券欺诈民事责任的关键在于采用合理的因果关系标准，并以此证明投资者损害与欺诈行为之间的因果关系。

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Therefore, the key of civil liability of security fraud is taken reasonable standard of causality and prove its existence between investor's damage and fraud.

因此，证券欺诈民事责任的关键在于采用合理的因果关系标准，并以此证明投资者损害与欺诈行为之间的因果关系。

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