The World Bank pioneered currency swaps, and USES swaps to protect against foreign exchange and interest rate risk.
世界银行率先使用货币掉期，用以抵御外汇和利率风险。
A Vietnamese exporter selling to China is exposed to exchange-rate risk: he pays his workforce in dong, the local currency, but receives payment in dollars.
越南商人向中国出口产品将面临汇率的风险：用本地的越南盾支付员工工资，但是收到的货款却是美元。
At present, financial hedges are the main tool used by China's enterprises to avoid exchange rate risk.
目前，金融性对冲是我国企业主要使用的汇率避险工具。
Evaluate the usefulness of derivative instruments for managing exchange rate risk?
评价衍生工具管理汇率风险的作用？
This paper mainly studies the measurement and control of interest rate risk in reverse mortgage.
本文主要对反向抵押贷款中利率风险的度量及防范进行了研究。
The commercial Banks have to pay more attention to their effective management of exchange rate risk.
对汇率风险进行有效的管理已成为我国商业银行经营管理中不得不重视的问题。
Sovereign risk can be classified as exchange rate risk and event risk according to its manifestation.
国家风险按照表现形式可以分为汇兑风险和事件风险两类。
Chapter III of China's commercial Banks exchange rate risk measurement, is the focus of the full text.
第三章我国商业银行汇率风险的计量，是全文的重点。
On the other hand, commercial Banks need to construct the effective interest rate risk management system.
另一方面，商业银行需要构建高效的利率风险内部防范体系。
Therefore, how to manage bonds' interest rate risk effectively becomes an important problem of bonds investors.
因此，如何有效地管理债券的利率风险成为债券投资者的重要课题。
At the same time, the frequent fluctuation of exchange rate makes transnational bank face the enormous exchange rate risk.
汇率变动受多种因素的影响，同时汇率的频繁波动也使跨国银行面临着巨大的汇率风险。
Therefore, the exchange rate forecast as the basis and precondition for exchange rate risk management is an important step.
所以，汇率预测作为汇率风险管理的基础和前提，是汇率风险管理工作的重要步骤之一。
Therefore, the interest rate risk management and control will become the main content of commercial banks' risk management.
因此，利率风险的管理控制将成为商业银行风险管理的主要内容。
The fifth part makes an analysis on the existent problem of the interest rate risk management in our country commercial bank.
第五部分探讨了我国商业银行利率风险管理中存在的问题。
The forth chapter analyses the models, methods and problems in management of interest rate risk in commercial banks in China.
第四章分析了中国商业银行利率风险管理模型、方法和存在问题。
Based on the analysis of exchange rate risk of toy export enterprises in Guangdong, the paper puts forward specific solutions.
本文从分析广东省玩具出口企业面临的汇率风险入手，提出了具体应对措施。
One of the major problems now and in the future is the high interest rate risk and low ability to diversify and transfer risks.
现实和潜在的最大问题之一表现为保险业较高的利率风险和较低的风险分散、风险转移的能力。
Foreign Forward, foreign Swap and foreign Futures are the most popular financial instruments of managing foreign exchange rate risk.
目前国际上流行的汇率对冲工具有外汇远期合同、掉期和外汇期货。
So western commercial Banks research and develop advanced management technology of the interest rate risk, and manage it effectively.
因此，西方商业银行纷纷研究和开发先进的利率风险管理技术，对利率风险进行了行之有效的管理。
The fluctuation of interest rate will bring interest rate risk to financial institutions: repricing risk and market value change risk.
利率的波动会给金融机构带来利率风险：重新定价风险和市场价值变动风险。
The sixth part puts forward the principle and concrete measures to develop our country commercial bank rate risk management mechanism.
第六部分提出构建我国商业银行利率风险管理机制的原则和具体措施。
Interest rate risk management for commercial Banks with embedded option is investigated based on the convexity gap model in this paper.
研究基于凸度缺口模型的具有隐含期权的商业银行利率风险管理问题。
Optimal dynamic hedging of exchange rate risk is modeled and the hedging effectiveness of the dynamic and static strategies is compared.
构建一个最优动态汇率风险套期保值理论模型，并将其套期保值效率与静态策略进行实证对比。
Finally, it introduces a successful case of managing interest rate risk to prove the effectiveness of using these derivative instruments.
最后，本文以一个利率风险管理的成功实例来说明运用利率衍生工具进行套期保值的有效性。
The interest rate risk and exchange rate risk in the financial spot market can only be mitigated through the financial derivative market.
金融现货市场面临的利率、汇率风险，只能在金融衍生市场化解、防范。
According to its different sources, interest rate risk may be classified into repricing risk, yield curve risk, basis risk and optionality.
利率风险按照来源的不同，可以分为重新定价风险、收益率曲线风险、基准风险和期权性风险。
We should press on with the building of the interest rate risk management system with reference to the key principle on it in Basel Agreement.
我国商业银行应参照巴塞尔利率管理的核心原则，积极推进利率风险管理体系的建设。
We should press on with the building of the interest rate risk management system with reference to the key principle on it in Basel Agreement.
我国商业银行应参照巴塞尔利率管理的核心原则，积极推进利率风险管理体系的建设。
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