A proton is an elementary particle of matter that possesses a positive charge.
质子是带正电荷的物质的基本粒子。
Only then can they hope to describe conditions at the Big Bang, when all space and time was compressed into a volume far smaller than a proton.
只有那样他们才能指望描述大爆炸的情况，所有的空间和时间全部在那时被压缩成一个远小于质子的体积。
Heavy water is heavy because the hydrogen in it weighs twice as much as ordinary hydrogen (it has a proton and a neutron in its nucleus, instead of just a proton).
重水之所以重是因为水中氢的重量是普通氢的两倍（它的原子核中有一个质子和一个中子，而不仅仅是一个质子）。
NMR spectra are often calibrated against the known solvent residual proton peak instead of added tetramethylsilane.
核磁共振谱通常是根据已知的溶剂残留质子峰进行校正，而不是添加四甲基硅烷。
The bimolecular proton-bound complex between benzyne and acetylene intermediate has been proposed.
苯炔和乙炔中间体之间的双分子质子键合复合物已经被提出。
Later on we could do this with a proton.
接着我们可以用质子来做。
An electron and a proton. You and me.
你和我，一个电子，一个质子。
OK, atomic hydrogen, one proton, one electron.
原子氢，单个质子，单电子。
That’s a proton collision played on marimba.
这是木琴演奏的一段粒子碰撞的声音。
It is another exothermic contributor to the proton - proton cycle.
它对质子-质子循环则是另一个放能贡献者。
Each proton (or neutron) has about two thousand times the mass of an electron.
每一个中子或者质子的质量都是一个电子的两千倍。
So we get at the number of neutrons indirectly because we know the proton number here.
所以，我们可以间接得到中子数，因为我们知道质子数了。
This is then fed into a complicated QED calculation to obtain the radius of the proton.
把这个测量值代入一个复杂的量子电动力学(QED)计算公式然后得到质子的半径。
When a neutron inside an atom decays, it produces a proton, an electron, and a neutrino.
原子内的一个中子衰变后会产生一个质子、一个电子和一个中微子。
In the same way the proton and neutron should also have their corresponding antiparticles.
同样地，质子和中子也应该有对应的反粒子。
The advantage of hydrogen is its unrivalled simplicity: one electron circles a single proton.
氢的优势是其结构非常简单：一个电子环绕一个质子。
The fission process would be controlled using neutrons produced by a linear accelerator's proton beam.
该裂变过程会利用直线加速器质子束产生的中子加以控制。
Attachment of a proton to the more polarizable gases therefore gives significant energy toward bonding.
因此，把质子结合到更可极化的气体上，会释放很多能量，利于成键。 当然，这要求有小的、电负性的共配物。
They all have the same Z, the same proton number, but different A, which means number of neutrons varies.
有相同的Z，相同的质子数，但是不同的A，也就是中子数不同。
Until recently the best estimate of the proton radius was 0.877 femtometres with an uncertainty of 0.007 fm
直到不久之前，对质子半径最好的测量是0.877飞米（千万亿分之一分尺），误差为在0.007飞米。
Hydrogen, the lightest element, has a single proton whereas uranium, the heaviest naturally occurring one, has 92.
氢是最轻的元素，原子核中只有一个质子，而铀这种自然形成的最重元素的原子核中有92个质子。
The latest treatment - proton radiation therapy - involves a proton accelerator that can be as big as a football field.
最新的治疗-质子放射治疗-包括一个质子加速器，可以像一个足球场那样庞大。
One is levofloxacin triple therapy, which consists of a PPI (proton-pump inhibitor) along with amoxicillin and levofloxacin.
一个是左氧氟沙星三联疗法，将PPI和阿莫西林及左氧氟沙星结合使用。
Physicists had pointed out that the proton pulses that were used to generate the neutrinos that left CERN were of quite long durations, at 10.5 microseconds.
物理学家曾指出，用来生成中微子的质子脉冲，它在离开欧洲核子研究中心时约有10.5微秒长的持续时间。
By 1976 the drive to convert CERN's new accelerator into a proton-antiproton collider was on, spearheaded by Carlo Rubbia, an Italian experimental physicist.
1976年，把欧洲核子研究所的新加速器改造成质子-反质子对撞机的征程，在意大利实验物理学家卡罗·鲁比亚引领下启航了。
"The key thing is that such experiments are sensitive to changes in the length of the rulers that are far smaller than the diameter of a proton, " says Hogan.
“关键点在于，这一实验能够辨识出极其微小的长度变化，哪怕比质子的直径还要小。”霍根说。
Wells reiterates that so long as the accelerator keeps providing the proton-proton collisions then they will have enough data to find a Standard Model Higgs.
Wells反复说道只要加速器能持续进行质子对碰撞，那么他们就会获得足够的数据来找到标准模型下的希格斯粒子。
A proton contains three charged quarks bound by the strong force and its radius is defined as the distance at which the charge density drops below a certain value.
一个质子由三个带电的夸克通过强相互作用力结合而形成，它的半径是由电荷密度降到某一确定值的距离来确定的。
Two new looks at the gamma-ray sky suggest that if the mysterious matter is a particle, it is heavier than 40 gigaelectronvolts, about 44 times the mass of a proton.
两项最新伽马射线天空图的观测研究表明如果此种神秘物质是粒子，则要大约是一个质子质量的44倍，比400亿电子伏还重。
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