One way scientists try to understand protein folding is by simulating it on computers.
科学家试图理解蛋白质折叠的一种方式是通过在计算机上进行模拟。
But understanding the rules of protein folding remains one of biology's central problems.
但是弄清蛋白质折叠的规则一直是生物学的核心问题之一。
That is because GPUs are well suited to the types of calculations involved when simulating protein folding.
这是因为模拟蛋白质折叠时所进行的计算，其类型能被图形处理器很好的适应。
They have traditionally maintained a large number of CPUs that have to be spun up around that activity and it can take 70 hours to finish up the whole protein folding analysis.
传统方式中，他们会维护海量的CPU，这些CPU的计算围绕着上述活动展开，一般需要70个小时才能完成整个的蛋白质折叠分析。
Our goal: to understand protein folding, misfolding, and related diseases.
项目目标：了解蛋白质折叠、误折以及相关的疾病。
The HP Lattice model is an important simplified model in research protein folding.
HP格点模型是研究蛋白质折叠的一种重要的简化模型。
We mainly introduce the background, model and importance of computer simulation for protein folding.
介绍了计算机模拟蛋白质折叠问题的背景、模型和意义。
Enumerating the allowed sequences for a given fold is known as the 'inverse protein folding problem'.
为一个给定的折叠列举允许的序列被称为逆蛋白质折叠问题。
The research of the nascent peptide folding is the key to resolve the problems of the protein folding.
新生肽链折叠的研究是解决目前蛋白质折叠研究中所遇到问题的关键。
Other projects soon followed, focused on everything from the search for large prime Numbers to protein folding.
其它项目也随之而来，从寻找最大的素数到蛋白质折叠分析。
In Chapter 5, the protein folding properties under the effect of secondary structural elements are investigated.
在第五章，我们研究了二级结构对蛋白质折叠属性的影响。
The effects of molecular chaperones, protein aggregation and macromolecular crowding on protein folding have been studied.
研究了细胞内存在的分子伴侣、蛋白质聚集和大分子拥挤环境对蛋白质折叠的影响。
Recently studies on mechanism of oxidative protein folding and the role of molecular chaperones in protein quality control.
近年来深入研究蛋白质氧化折叠机制以及分子伴侣在蛋白质质量控制中的作用。
As such, calreticulin presumably does not alter protein folding but regulates proper timing for efficient folding and subunit assembly.
因此，推测钙网蛋白不会改变蛋白质的折叠，而是在恰当的时间点调节有效折叠和亚基组装。
Denovo protein design is not only the most rigorous check for our knowledge on protein folding, but also a significant way to get new information.
从理论上来说，蛋白质全新设计不仅是对蛋白质折叠知识进行最严格的检验，而且是进一步获取新知识的重要途径。
Due to the complexity of protein folding mechanism, simplified models are widely used to study the essential and general properties of protein folding up to date.
由于蛋白质折叠机制的复杂性，直到现在，在蛋白质折叠普遍性质的研究中简化模型仍被广泛地使用。
Up to now, 5 of these were identified, which were shown to be involved in various cellular processes such as proteolysis, signal transduction and protein folding.
我们已经鉴定出其中5个差异蛋白，这些蛋白参与多种多样的细胞过程例如蛋白质降解、信号转导和蛋白质折叠等。
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a critical organelle involved in intracellular calcium regulation and protein folding, which are crucial for cellular homeostasis.
内质网是参与钙调节和蛋白折叠的一种重要细胞器，对维持细胞内稳态十分重要。
Calcium is a universal signaling molecule involved in many cellular functions such as cell motility, metabolism, protein modification, protein folding, and apoptosis.
钙是一种通用的信号传导分子，参与许多细胞功能，如细胞运动、代谢、蛋白质修饰、蛋白质折叠和细胞凋亡。
Normal cells respond to ER stress by increasing transcription of genes encoding ER-resident molecular chaperones such as GRP94, GRP78 and PDI to facilitate protein folding.
细胞对这种应激的反应是增加一系列内质网分子伴侣如GRP94、GRP78和PDI等的表达。
Developing accurate and efficient free-energy algorithms and applying them in structural biology to study protein folding, protein-ligand interactions and the related diseases.
研究开发高效、准确的自由能运算方法用来研究蛋白质折叠、蛋白质与配体之间的相互作用，以及一些相关疾病。
The Blue Gene/L technology offers a powerful way to study these types of diseases, because it provides a more cost-effective (and faster) way to model the effects of protein folding and misfolding.
BlueGene/L技术提供了一种强大的方法来研究这些类型的疾病，因为它能够更加经济高效地（和更快地）建模蛋白质折叠和错误折叠的效果。
RNA editing can occur in all major land plants. The higher plant editing mostly involves C to U conversion in chloroplast genomes. It is essential for correct gene expression and protein folding.
RNA编辑普遍存在于陆生植物中，在高等植物叶绿体中以C→U的替换为主，可能是叶绿体产生功能蛋白的重要方式。
Protein folding and protein design has become one of the most actively studied problems in modern molecular biology.
蛋白质折叠和蛋白质设计的研究是当代分子生物学的热点问题，具有重要的科学意义。
And one research team built a supercomputer with customized integrated circuits that dramatically speed protein-folding calculations, allowing simulations on the time scale of milliseconds.
而且一个研究团队组建了一台拥有定制的集成电路的超级计算机，定制的集成电路极大地提高了蛋白质折叠计算的速度，允许在毫秒级的时间精度上进行仿真。
Even if we could solve protein-folding, the next stage would be to predict the structure of cells on the basis of the interactions of millions of proteins and other molecules.
即使我们能抓住蛋白质折叠的规律，下一步就是通过分析数百万蛋白质和其它分子之间的相互作用，来预测细胞的结构。
Even if we could solve protein-folding, the next stage would be to predict the structure of cells on the basis of the interactions of millions of proteins and other molecules.
即使我们能抓住蛋白质折叠的规律，下一步就是通过分析数百万蛋白质和其它分子之间的相互作用，来预测细胞的结构。
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