Primitive societies administered such symbolic punishments freely.
在初民社会中,这种符号性惩罚用得很滥。
In primitive societies tools were made from sharp stones and animal bones.
在原始社会,工具是由尖利的石头和动物的骨头制成的。
Even human cannibals in primitive societies have a problem with a brain disease passed in this way.
在原始社会里,即使是同类相食的人类,也会令一种大脑疾病遗传下去。
In more primitive societies, people's basic needs have been fulfilled in more direct and informal ways.
在一个更加原始的社会形态下,人们的基本需求多是以直接或非正式的方式而得到实现的。
In most primitive societies, their form is dictated by tradition, and they are thought to have supernatural power.
在大多数原始社会,它们的形式是依据传统而定的,并被看作是具有超自然的力量。
"Our children are not individuals whose rights and tastes are casually respected from infancy, as they are in some primitive societies" (Ruth Benedict).
“我们的孩子不是那种从婴儿期起,其权力和爱好就好象他们在低等社会那样被漫不经心地看待的人”(露丝·本尼迪克特)。
I was once talking to an anthropologist who said that of all the skills in primitive societies that anthropologists try to lean, the hardest is hunting.
有一次,我同一位人类学家交谈,他说,人类学家们尝试学习的原始社会所有技能当中,难度最高的是狩猎。
Linguists have long known, despite the prejudices of those in rich societies, that "simple" people with primitive technologies do not speak simple languages.
尽管在发达地区的人们有着偏见,但是语言学家很早就知道,只有古老的技术的“简单”人并不使用简单的语言。
Thing axe-heads themselves would serve indeed have served in some societies and over a very large area of south-east asia cowry's shells were used the most often quoted form of primitive money.
这种“货币”可能是任何一种为大家所接受的东西——斧头本身就有此用处,而且的的确确在有些社会里已这样用了。 在东南亚的广大地区,人们曾经将宝贝贝壳当货币,这是最常提到的原始货币形式。
Thing axe-heads themselves would serve indeed have served in some societies and over a very large area of south-east asia cowry's shells were used the most often quoted form of primitive money.
这种“货币”可能是任何一种为大家所接受的东西——斧头本身就有此用处,而且的的确确在有些社会里已这样用了。 在东南亚的广大地区,人们曾经将宝贝贝壳当货币,这是最常提到的原始货币形式。
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