AIM: To establish the experimental acute pulmonary embolism (APE) model and observe the left and right ventricular pressure-volume relationship in different overload situations.
目的：建立急性肺栓塞(ape)动物模型，探讨急性肺栓塞时左右心室压力容量关系变化。
It is well known that when gas is cooled at a constant pressure its volume decreases.
众所周知，当气体在定压下冷却时，它的体积减小。
We're not going to have the constant pressure heat capacity, but the constant volume heat capacity.
我们将不会具有恒定的压力热容量，而是具有恒定的体积热容量。
Most processes that we're concerned with will happen with something held constant like pressure or temperature or volume.
我们关心的大多数过程都是在保持压强、温度或体积不变的情况下发生的。
Varicose veins are really just swollen veins and are caused by increased blood volume and pressure on the legs and feet.
静脉曲张其实就是肿胀的静脉，这是由腿部和脚部的血量增加和压力引起的。
You know how pressure changes with temperature at constant volume if you know the equation of state.
如果你知道状态方程，知道在体积恒定的时压强如何随着温度变化。
These two relations involving entropy are also useful because they'll let us see how entropy depends on volume and pressure.
这两个涉及熵的关系也非常有用，因为他们告诉我们，熵和体积，压强的关系。
OK, now what we'd like to do is be able to calculate any of these quantities in terms of temperature, pressure, volume properties.
现在我们想要做的是能够利用，温度，压强和体积的性质，计算上面的物理量。
When blood volume goes down, blood pressure goes down.
当血容量减少时血压也会随之降低。
When your body retains sodium, blood volume increases and blood pressure rises.
身体保留钠时，血液容量增加，同时血压上升。
So, you do this measurement, you measure with the gas, you measure the pressure and the molar volume.
现在让压强趋于，现在测量气体的压强，和摩尔体积。
Now let's change the pressure and temperature and sweep through a whole range of pressures and temperatures and measure the volume in every one of them.
然后改变气压和温度，并且让气压和温度，取便所有可能的数值，测量相应的体积。
It just CARES that you know the pressure, the volume, the temperature, or any couple variables.
它只取决于压强，体积，温度这些量。
If that changes, of course you know that the pressure in there is going to change at constant volume if the amount of gas in there is changing.
如果它发生了变化，当然在等体条件下，如果气体的总量，发生了变化，压强也会发生变化。
Here we have a fixed volume, and we have a little candle, and we're adding heat, and when we add heat, the pressure does what?
这里我们有一个容器，一个蜡烛，然后我们加热，这时压强会怎么变化？
Now, if this is an ideal gas, we know that pressure is equal to nRT over volume.
如果这是一个理想气体系统，我们知道压强等于nRT除以体积。
Based on international standards set out by the ISO,12 these include tests which establish bursting volume and pressure, and detect holes and other visible defects.
基于ISO的国际标准，这些检测包括建立适合的容量和压力，检查是否有孔洞和其他可见的缺陷。
If you want to write a function that describes this line here, it's pressure as a function of volume related to each other with this constant.
如果要写出描述这条等温线的方程，它的压强和体积，就通过常数C相联系起来。
So we're going to start with a mole of gas, V at some pressure, some volume, T temperature and some mole so V, doing it per mole, and we're going to do two paths here.
假设有1摩尔气体，具有一点的压强p，体积，温度，我们将让它，经过两条不同的路径。
In addition, it could start to sell the huge volume of Treasury securities and other financial assets on its books, which would also place upward pressure on rates.
此外，它还能开始出售大量的国库证券和它账户上的其他金融资产。这些做法都可以给利息上调施加压力。
With the large volume of wood needed for reconstruction, what is being done to avoid putting undue pressure on remaining forests?
由于重建活动需要大量木材，在避免对现存森林造成压力方面正在开展哪些工作？
In other words, what matters here in changing the pressure volume product?
换句话说，在改变压强和体积的乘积时，发生了什么？
Every year the data volume is doubling, every year the data side of the business is giving us pressure.
每年数据量增加一倍，每年的数据业务都在给我们增加压力。
To get a feel for what this would mean, bear in mind that the amount of oxygen in a given volume of air changes with atmospheric pressure, and the local pressure changes with the weather.
要了解这将意味着什么？给定体积的空气中的含氧量是随着大气压变化而变化的，而当地的气压又是随天气变化的。
You just need a few macroscopic variables that are very familiar to you, like the pressure, the temperature, the volume, the number of moles of each component, the mass of the system.
你只需要某些你非常熟悉的宏观变量，比如压强，温度，体积，每个组分的摩尔数，系统的质量。
This is the pressure times the volume RT equals the number of moles times RT.
即压强乘以体积等于，摩尔数乘以。
We're going to drop the pressure, the volume is going to go up.
我们会降低压强，体积就会变大。
And the cycle it's going to undertake is called a Carnot cycle, and it works the following way: we're going to do pressure volume work.
它的循环过程，叫做卡诺循环，过程如下：，这是个压强体积系统。
And the cycle it's going to undertake is called a Carnot cycle, and it works the following way: we're going to do pressure volume work.
它的循环过程，叫做卡诺循环，过程如下：，这是个压强体积系统。
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