The Planck–Einstein relation describes the energy of each photon in terms of the photon's frequency.
普朗克—爱因斯坦关系式用光子的频率来描述每个光子的能量。
When hit by a blue photon, a cryptochromemolecule loses an electron.
当受到蓝色光子撞击后，隐色素分子会失去一个电子。
In the first, a photon is polarised either vertically or horizontally.
第一种模式中，光子经过偏振处理，转为垂直方向或水平方向振动。
How can the law accommodate a further output signal, a photon or optical signal?
这定律如何适应进一步输出信号，光子或光信号？
So, remember what we're talking about here is the amount of energy that's in each photon.
所以，记住我们这里谈论的是，每个光子的能量值。
To facilitate the measurements, Professor Gross and his team captured the photon in a special box, a resonator.
为了方便测量，格罗斯教授和他的团队通过一个特殊的盒子——谐振器——来捕获光子。
We start at this lower energy state and go up that means we need to absorb a photon, we have to take in energy.
我们从一个低能级开始，到一个高能级去，这意味着需要吸收一个光子，我们要获得能量。
Although very tiny, each photon carries a small amount of momentum away from the asteroid, giving it a tiny kick.
尽管非常微弱，但每一个光子都携带着微量的动量离开小行星，给小行星形成一种微弱的反冲。
Once entangled, a photon can carry any information stored in the atom's quantum state to other parts of the computer.
一旦发生纠缠，光子可以将储存在原子量子态中的任何信息传递到计算机的其他位置。
Yes. In fact, there is not enough energy in a single photon to go ahead and eject an electron from this zinc surface.
是的，事实上，这里的光子没有足够的能量，去从锌表面逐出一个电子。
In a linear measurement, each photon would interact separately with the atoms, resulting in a relatively weak signal.
在一个线性测量中，每一个光子可以单独地与原子进行相互作用，这样得到的是一个相对较弱的信号。
When a photon strikes the surface, it excites an electron to a higher energy level, which is specific to the material.
当光子照射到材料表面时，电子受到光子的激发由一个能级跳到更高的能级上，而这些能级对材料来说是特定的。
Light from the core gets scattered in this zone, so that a single photon often may take a million years to pass through.
从核心发出的光在这一区域发生散射，以至于一个光子可能要花100万年才能通过。
Quantum walk experiments using one photon have been done before and can even be modelled exactly by classical wave physics.
此前做过的单光子量子游走试验甚至可以用经典波动理论解释。
'Using a two-photon system, we can perform calculations that are exponentially more complex than before,' says Prof o 'brien.
使用两个光子系统，我们可以进行比过去更复杂的指数级运算。
Ultimately, the universe works as a giant computer, with answers to questions such as "Did the photon pass through this point?"
最终，宇宙作为一台巨型的计算机在运转，类似“光子穿过这个点了吗？”
The burst of light is called a photon echo; and its observation proved we have full control over the quantum state of the atoms.
辐射出的光被称为光子回波，它的观测表明我们对于原子的量子态进行了完全的控制。
If you get some of these in the upper atmosphere, a photon, an ultraviolet photon, has the energy capable of breaking this bond.
如果你把它放到大气层上，一个光子，一个紫外光光子，有能量可以破坏它的化学键。
But this is long enough for the energy from the absorbed photon to simultaneously "try out" all possible paths across the antenna.
虽然400飞秒只是短短的一瞬，但却能使吸收自光子的能量同时尝试天线蛋白中所有可能的传递路径。
In this resonator, the artificial atom made of an aluminum circuit is positioned so that it can optimally interact with the photon.
在这种谐振器中，由铝制电路制成的人工原子被固定，以便优化它与光子的相互作用。
Orion, for example, operates near absolute zero, and previous attempts to build single-photon detectors have suffered similar constraints.
拿Orion来说，要在接近绝对零度下运行，而之前尝试建造单个光子检测器的努力同样受到类似的局限。
The scientists found that the precursor wave front of a single photon always travels at c, like the signal velocity of large groups of photons.
科学家发现，单个光子的前驱波头一般以光速c传播，就像由大量光子携带的信号的传播速度一样。
But her equipment, too, must be set to one mode or the other, and she cannot be certain that the polarity of the photon she sends to Bob is correct.
同样，她的设备也只能选取一种模式进行发送，由于信息是后验的，她并不能确定其送给“鲍勃”的光子极性是否正确。
After a short time, Alice tells Bob that the photon she sent should have been measured in mode one; she does not tell him what value it should have been.
一段延迟后，“爱丽丝”只要通知“鲍勃”其发送的光子应该以模式一读取，而不用告知光子的实际值应该是多少。
Du, however, believed Einstein was right and determined to end the debate by measuring the ultimate speed of a single photon, which had not been done before.
然而，杜胜望相信爱因斯坦是正确的，他决心测量单个光子的极限速度，通过这一前无古人的实验来结束这场争论。
Compared to the complexity with which our conventional computers and networks function, the ability to store and retrieve a single photon might seem rudimentary.
和我们传统的电脑及网络功能的复杂性相比，这种存储和再现单个光量子的能力看上去还相当简陋。
As the optical precursor and main wave packet traveled through a second group of rubidium atoms, the scientists took measurements on the speed of the two photon components.
随着光前驱和主波包通过第二组铷原子，科学家就可以对这两个光子成分的速度进行测量。
Moreover, the LPN scientists have also shown that the use of this photonic molecule concept allows the quality of the entanglement of the emitted photon pairs to be improved.
此外，LPN的科学家们还表明，这种“光子分子”概念的应用能够改善纠缠光子对的纠缠质量。
The atoms had an effect called electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), which enabled the scientists to separate the single-photon precursors from the main wave packet.
这些铷原子可以产生一种称为“电磁感应光透明”(EIT)的效应，可以帮助科学家从主波包中分离出单个光子前驱。
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