Operating system specialists focus on the operating system layer.
操作系统专家主要关注操作系统层。
While those customizations are important, customization of the operating system layer is also often required.
虽然这些定制都非常重要，但是操作系统层的定制也是一个常见的需求。
The architecture has three layers which include operating system layer, middleware layer and application layer.
该方案采用操作系统层、中间层和应用程序层的三层结构。
Without the safety approach in a systematical way, the existing safety technologies are only limited to application layer, or operating system layer, or network layer and so on.
无系统防危的观念：现有的防危机制通常只局限在应用级、操作系统级或网络级中的某个层次，且各层防危机制联系非常松散、一致性差。
In practice, achieving response times below tens of microseconds requires a combination of custom hardware and software, possibly with no — or a very thin — operating-system layer.
在实践中，要使响应时间小于几十微秒，需要组合定制的软硬件，很可能没有(或者有非常薄的)操作系统层。
In practice, achieving response times below tens of microseconds requires a combination of custom hardware and software, possibly with no — or a very thin — operating-system layer.
在实践中，要使响应时间小于几十微秒，需要组合定制的软硬件，很可能没有(或者有非常薄的)操作系统层。
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