Despite having a brain no bigger than the tip of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive visual memory.
尽管鸽子的大脑只有人的食指尖那么大，但它们的视觉记忆力却非常惊人。
New brain research, led by researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, announces the same: choosing handwriting over using a keyboard results in better learning and memory.
由挪威科技大学的研究人员领导的一项新的大脑研究也宣布了同样的结论：比起使用键盘，选择手写会带来更好的学习和记忆效果。
It includes four steps: seeing a word, getting back its meaning from your memory, connecting it to other words in the same sentence, and then moving on to the next word. This process uses many parts of the brain at one time.
它包括四个步骤：看到一个单词，回忆这个词的意思，将它与句子中其他单词联系起来，再看下一个单词。这个过程同时调动了大脑的很多部分进行工作。
They have also measured brain activity during sleep and found that regions of the brain involved with emotion and memory consolidation are active.
他们还测试了睡眠时的大脑活动，发现大脑中涉及情绪和记忆巩固的区域在这个过程中十分活跃。
Those who used spatial navigation strategy — the non-GPS method — had increased activity in a part of the brain responsible for memory and navigation called the hippocampus.
那些使用空间导航策略(非gps方法)的人，大脑中称作海马体的负责记忆和导航的部分特别活跃。
We know that interconnections between the reward circuitry and the parts of the brain involved in emotion, memory and cognition are themselves plastic and experience-modifiable.
这问题相当之妙。我们知道，奖励机制和情绪相关的大脑部分，及记忆和认识之间的相关联系，这些本身都是具有塑性，可能凭经验而改变的。
A new rodent study shows that newborn neurons destabilize established connections among existing brain cells in the hippocampus, a part of the brain involved in learning and memory.
一个新的啮齿动物研究表明，新生神经元使海马体中脑细胞已有的连结变得不稳定，而海马体是大脑中关于学习和记忆的部分。
The visual memory center, though — the part of the brain that stores images from the past, like what your childhood bedroom looked like — is in overdrive.
大脑的视觉记忆中心，虽然它存储着我们过去的一切影像，比如你儿时卧室的模样，但它却处于超负荷工作状态。
Alzheimer's disease is a severe neurodegenerative disorder of the brain that is characterized by loss of memory and cognitive decline.
老年痴呆症是一种十分严重的大脑神经变性失调症，其特点是记忆丧失和认知衰退。
Normal memory function involves many parts of the brain, and any disease or injury that affects the brain can interfere with the intricacies of memory.
病医学正常记忆功能需要大脑很多部分紧密协作，任何损伤大脑的疾病或伤害都会干扰这一精密的过程。
Indeed, at the core of brain research is the desire to fathom what happens when memory fails and information processing goes awry.
实际上，大脑研究的核心是弄明白，当记忆缺失，信息加工出错时，究竟发生了什么。
Professor Eric Kandel, who won a Nobel Prize for his study of the biology of the human memory, says best way to save your memories is to keep your brain in good shape .
因研究人类记忆生物学而荣获诺贝尔奖的艾瑞克·坎戴尔教授说，拯救你记忆的最佳办法就是让你的大脑保持良好的状态。
Synapses are the junctions between nerve cells, and their action is central to learning and memory. But they are also, he says, the most fragile parts of the brain.
突触连接神经细胞，其活动对于学习和记忆是很重要的，但它们也是，他说，大脑最脆弱的部分。
They trigger intracellular biochemical events that eventually modify brain circuits that mediate the experience and memory of pleasure.
它们引起了细胞内的生物化学变化，并最终改变了大脑回路中对愉快的经历和记忆的反应方式。
Researchers did magnetic resonance imaging or MRI scans to measure brain volume in the hippocampus, the part of the brain responsible for learning and memory.
研究者们磁共振成像或MRI扫描测量大脑海马的体积，它是大脑用来学习和记忆。
The research team showed that music engages the areas of the brain involved with paying attention, making predictions and updating the event in memory.
该研究团队发现音乐影响大脑涉及注意力、预期和更新记忆的区域。
The hippocampuses (there are two, one in each hemisphere of the brain) play a central role in memory formation, and also in the ability to navigate.
海马体（有两个，分属左右半脑）在记忆形式上起决定性作用，而且负责空间的定位。
One of the problems of getting to the bottom of memory is that it seems to play tricks on the brain sometimes.
问题之一就是回到记忆深处有时候像是大脑玩的把戏。
Amnesia can be caused by damage to areas of the brain that are vital for memory processing. Unlike a temporary episode of memory loss (transient global amnesia), amnestic syndrome can be permanent.
大脑中负责处理记忆的区域受损可能会引起遗忘症，而且，不同于TGA(一过性完全性记忆缺失)，前者可以是永久性的。
As these messages travel through the brain, they create pathways that serve as the basis of our memory.
当这些信息在脑中传送时，新的通路又产生了，这形成了我们记忆的基础。
This neurogenesis would seem to be completely laudable, since it occurs mostly in the hippocampus, a portion of the brain associated with memory and thinking.
这个神经形成似乎非常值得赞赏的，这是因为它大多出现在海马中，脑部与思考和记忆相关的那部分。
They were given memory and cognitive skill tests and a brain scan to gauge the extent of their disease.
他们被进行了记忆力，认知能力测试和大脑扫描，来确定他们疾病的严重程度。
Another set of neurons grew in the hippocampus, a crucial memory center in the brain, which helped to consolidate the smell of his pups into a long-term memory.
大脑中一个至关重要的记忆中心海马部位也生成了另一套神经细胞，这有助于将幼鼠的气味固化在老鼠爸爸的长期记忆中。
For some amount of time the memory resides both in the hippocampus and elsewhere in the brain.
在一段时期内，记忆会同时存在于海马体和其他的大脑区域。
These questions raise a larger issue about memory in general: What makes the brain remember certain pieces of information and forget others?
这些问题通常给记忆提出了一个更大的问题：是什么使得大脑记住信息的某些片段而遗忘掉其他？
Physical exercise, through the revitalization of neurons, helps to the increase of cognitive and brain functions, boosts memory and reduces the chances for neuro-degenerative diseases.
身体锻炼还能促进神经元的再生，这可以帮助人们提高大脑的认知能力，增强记忆力，减少神经性疾病的发生。
It sends chemical signals to the cerebral cortex, the outer layer of the brain, related to reasoning and memory.
它向脑部最外层的大脑皮层发送化学信号，从而影响推理和记忆功能。
Most significantly of all, it shrinks the volume of the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus. These are the parts of the brain most closely associated with working memory.
最重要的一点是，压力能够减少前额皮质和海马体的数量——而这些都是同工作记忆关联最紧密的部位。
It has long been suggested that the hippocampus, a brain structure critical for memory formation, plays a critical role in the acquisition of conceptual knowledge.
过去人们一直相信，海马体——大脑中负责记忆信息的部分，在概念的形成过程中起着关键性的作用。
As a result, it appears that people can have an emotional memory that says, 'I'm sure about this,' that differs from what the factual memory part of our brain actually recalls.
造成结果就是人类貌似会产生情绪化的记忆，像‘我确定就是这样’，这根据我们大脑事实记忆部分实际如何回忆起来而不同。
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