Using base contracts allows for more efficient use of data within the commerce system, and requires less management effort.
使用基础契约可以更有效地使用商业系统中的数据，并且需要的管理工作也较少。
This article was targeted to technical leaders who are considering launching an asset management effort in their enterprise.
本文针对那些正在考虑在其企业中启动资产管理工作的技术领导者们。
This kind of organization template is generally used when there is little top-down management support for the asset management effort.
在缺乏对资产管理的自顶向下的管理支持的情况下，通常使用这种类型的组织模板。
Geneva aims to take all the identity management effort off the applications with a claims based access platform. According to Microsoft, Geneva is useful.
Geneva的目标是采用一个基于声明的访问平台接管应用程序的身份管理。
The University has provided assistance to the recovery effort in the CBD and has provided resources and support to the national emergency management effort.
我校已为商务中心区的恢复工作作出努力，为国家紧急状态管理提供资源和帮助。
The management of the construction of such structures demands that long-term, medium term and short-term planning all occur in a coordinated management effort.
施工的经营管理，如长期计划，中期计划，短期计划的组织要求都需要协作经营。
The ability to specify communities and to manage the reuse scope in Rational asset Manager is a key technique for scaling the asset management effort in the enterprise.
在RationalAssetManager中指定所要管理的社区和复用范围的能力是在企业中进行资产管理的关键技术。
IllustrationThis is the third segment in a series of articles targeted to technical leaders who are considering launching an asset management effort in their enterprise.
插图本系列文章针对那些正在考虑在其企业中启动资产管理工作的技术领导者们，本文是第3部分。
It is very challenging to exploit peer-to-peer techniques to make the test servers capable of self-organizing and self-coordinating in the cloud environment with the least management effort.
通过P 2 P技术，只需最少的管理，就让测试服务器在云的环境中具备自组织和自协调的能力，这是件极具挑战性的工作。
A substantial thrust of the effort of management is to explore a recapitalization of the company.
管理层努力的一个重点是探索公司的资本重组。
Their weakness is in predicting requirements growth, design effort, documentation and management, testing, repair, and rework.
它们的弱点在于预期需求、设计、文档和管理工作、测试、维护和返工方面。
The program manager is responsible for conformance of the program effort to the business and technology strategies and provides overall leadership and management for the program effort.
计划经理负责让计划工作符合业务及技术策略，并且为计划工作提供全部领导和管理工作。
As part of an implementation of the portfolio management approach in the organization, the portfolio assessment effort is the first project or initiative undertaken.
作为组织中项目组合管理方法实现的一部分，项目组合评估的工作是第一个要着手的项目或计划。
So, what's configuration and change management, and how can you leverage it to support your testing effort?
那么，什么是配置管理和变更管理呢？您又如何利用它们支持您的测试工作？
We will take a closer look at each of these aspects, contrast them with similar aspects of project management, and outline for each the effort and results required to achieve success.
我们将会更进一步看一下这些方面，与项目管理的相似方面进行对比，并概述要达到成功所必需的每一项工作和结果。
To follow the methodology of business process management and reduce the effort of developing the business integration module, we recommend the latter.
为遵循业务流程管理的方法和减少开发业务集成模块的工作，我们建议使用第二种方法。
Taken together, platform support for JMX dramatically reduces the effort required for an application to support an external management interface.
结合两者，对JMX的平台支持极大地降低了使应用程序支持外部管理接口所需的工作和努力。
For an iterative project, test management will have to provide the foundation and guide the effort to plan, execute, and evaluate testing iteratively.
对于一个迭代的项目，测试管理将必须提供基础并重复地指导计划、执行和测试评估。
Maybe the label project manager is the source of this dilemma, focusing attention on the management of the effort as if this causes success.
也许“项目经理”的标签就是这一困境的来源，关注对成果的管理，就好像这能引向成功一样。
Change management affects all parts of software development, but the tracked changes most relevant to the testing effort are defects.
变更管理影响软件开发的全部过程，但是被跟踪的与测试工作最相关的变更是缺陷。
However, different projects will have different specific needs for the testing effort, so a test management process that automates workflows needs to be flexible and customizable.
尽管如此，不同的项目对测试工作将有不同的特定需要，因此使得工作流程自动化的测试管理流程需要是灵活的并且可以定制的。
Once we have completed our adoption effort for portfolio management as an organizational process, we need things that will sustain its continued use.
一旦我们完成了作为组织过程的项目组合管理的采用工作，我们需要做可以维持其持续使用的事情。
When management attempts to exert controls, the effort is sometimes viewed by the team as naive or even capricious, and with no mechanism in place to evaluate the impact; good, bad, or indifferent.
当管理试图实施控制时，有时候团队会将工作视为幼稚，或甚至反复无常的，并且没有机制来评估影响是好的，坏的，或无关紧要的。
Many of those who approach these methods will be new to the subject and also to the types of work effort that comprise portfolio management.
许多接触这些方法的人都不熟悉该主题，并且也不熟悉组成项目组合管理的工作类型。
Portfolio management governance is a new concept within the overall organizational governance effort.
项目组合管理治理是整个组织治理工作中的新概念。
The subject of the executive leader for an effort to establish portfolio management governance is one that belongs among the discussions in a vision development workshop.
对于建立项目组合管理治理工作的执行层领导的主题，属于愿景开发实际训练中的讨论之一。
As with many apsects of product management, extra time and effort up front defining the problem can save time and effort down the road.
与产品管理中的其他许多方面类似，多花些时间精力提前明确问题可使工作开展后节省更多时间精力。
Requirements management is a precursor to the bulk of the testing effort, providing a significant amount of test motivation and validation needs.
需求管理是大多数测试工作的先驱，提供了大量的测试动机和确认需求。
Less-than-perfect requirements management can lead to more profound issues in the testing effort.
不够完美的需求管理会导致测试工作中更大的问题。
This takes a huge amount of effort and is pointless now that so many free open-source content management systems are available.
这项工作耗费大量精力，而且随着许多开源的内容管理系统变得毫无意义。
应用推荐