However, owing to some limitations on optical buffer, light splitter, and wavelength converter, optical multicast at optical layer offers different characteristics from those at IP layer.
然而，光层组播由于光缓存、光分束和光波长变换等光器件的限制，呈现出和IP层组播不同的特点。
For the difficulty of deploying IP multicast services in the Internet, Application Layer multicast has been studied as an alternative approach.
由于IP多播难以在因特网环境中配置，应用层多播作为IP多播的一种替代方案得到越来越多的研究。
Streaming media over the Internet is booming nowadays. IP multicast and application layer multicast has become the study hotspots.
近年来，因特网上的流媒体应用得到了迅猛发展，IP组播和应用层组播成为网路中的研究热点。
Streaming media over the Internet is booming nowadays. IP multicast and application layer multicast has become the study hotspots.
近年来，因特网上的流媒体应用得到了迅猛发展，IP组播和应用层组播成为网路中的研究热点。
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