The IP layer, in turn, provides services used by the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).
反过来，ip层又提供由网际控制报文协议(ICMP)和传输控制协议(TCP)使用的服务。
We know that the layering of the PC era led to huge innovation at each layer in the stack and I expect the same to continue to emerge on the Internet.
我们知道个人计算机时代的分层最终导致了各个层面的巨大变革，所以我期待同样的变革会继续出现在互联网上。
The Internet protocol suite is split into several layers; each layer provides specific functionality as shown in Figure 1.
Internet协议套件被划分成几层；每层都提供特定功能，如图1所示。
I'm going to write a whole post on BothSid.es in the next few weeks on the layering of the Internet and the most important layer that will emerge in the next few years.
我将在接下来的几周内在BothSid . es上写一篇新的文章讲互联网的分层和接下来几年将出现的最重要的层。
As a result, solution layering enables Banks to develop channel-based interfaces (for example, mobile, direct, Internet) to exposed services and then augment or extend the channel layer as needed.
因此，通过解决方案分层，银行可以为公开的服务开发基于渠道的接口(例如，移动、直连、Internet)，然后根据需要充实或扩展渠道层。
Recall that the Internet protocol (IP) is the core network layer protocol that sits below the transport protocol (most commonly the Transmission Control protocol, or TCP).
回想一下，InternetProtocol (IP)是传输协议(通常称为传输控制协议或TCP)下面的核心网络层协议。
This is the lowest component layer of the Internet protocols, as TCP/IP is designed to be hardware independent.
它在网络协议中是最低级的层次成分，而TCP/IP协议是与硬件无关的。
Currently, Transport Layer Security (TLS) is the DE facto standard for secure communication over the Internet.
当前，传输层安全性(Transport Layer Security (TLS))是因特网上安全通信的事实标准。
IP datagram embodies the mechanism of Internet protocol in IP layer.
IP数据报的内容体现了网际互联层的网间协议的协议机制。
For Web sites that process payment transactions, the Web server also supports secure Sockets Layer (SSL), the Internet protocol for transmitting and receiving information securely over the Internet.
对于处理支付交易的网站，网络服务器也支持加密套接字协议(SSL)——用于在因特网上安全地传输与接收信息的因特网协议。
It is used by Transport Layer protocols of the Internet protocol Suite, such as Transmission Control protocol (TCP) and User Datagram protocol (UDP).
端口被用于互联网协议集中的传输层协议，就像传输控制协议(TCP)和用户数据报协议(udp)。
The first part is about UML technology as a reference for the reader, and then the author gives the key questions in the design of Internet-Game Frame: game platform and service layer.
提出了网络游戏框架设计技术中需要解决的关键问题：游戏平台实现和服务层实现。
MPLS can unify different data link layer techniques and different third layer protocols to a same platform. Mobile IP can support access to Internet when motion and mobile computing.
MPLS技术可以将不同的链路层技术和不同的第三层协议统一在同一平台上，移动IP技术是一种支持移动访问因特网的技术，可支持移动计算。
Application layer consists of all enterprise's interior or Internet client applications.
企业应用层则是企业内部或者外部的各种客户端应用。
Streaming media over the Internet is booming nowadays. IP multicast and application layer multicast has become the study hotspots.
近年来，因特网上的流媒体应用得到了迅猛发展，IP组播和应用层组播成为网路中的研究热点。
Side note: UDP port 2873 uses the Datagram Protocol, a communications protocol for the Internet network layer, transport layer, and session layer.
附注：UDP端口2873使用数据报协议，一个通信协议的互联网络层，运输层，会话层。
DRIS is a hierarchical distributed Internet information retrieval system. It can provide a set of information resources integration solution from the bottom layer to application layer.
域内资源整合系统是一种分层的分布式互联网信息检索系统，其提供了从底层到应用层的一整套互联网信息资源整合利用方案。
For the difficulty of deploying IP multicast services in the Internet, Application Layer multicast has been studied as an alternative approach.
由于IP多播难以在因特网环境中配置，应用层多播作为IP多播的一种替代方案得到越来越多的研究。
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer), a widely used security protocol in the net, can provide security guarantee for Internet communications.
SSL作为互联网上普遍使用的一种安全协议，可以为互联网通信提供安全保障。
Current Internet adopts IP-based network-layer routing and name resolution-based Domain name System (DNS) application-layer routing.
现有互联网采用了基于IP地址的网络层路由技术和基于域名解析的域名服务器(DNS)应用层路由技术。
As the fundamental layer of the trustworthy next-generation Internet architecture, the source address validation is an important research topic.
作为可信任下一代互联网的重要基础，研究真实地址寻址技术具有十分重要的意义。
As the fundamental layer of the trustworthy next-generation Internet architecture, the source address validation is an important research topic.
作为可信任下一代互联网的重要基础，研究真实地址寻址技术具有十分重要的意义。
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