The intensity of transmission depends on factors related to the parasite, the vector, the human host, and the environment.
传播严重程度取决于寄生虫、病媒、人类宿主和环境等有关因素。
They will also collaborate with researchers at the University of California in San Diego to study other pathogens that require a human host, such as malaria.
他们还将和美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校的研究者们合作研究别的需要人类当宿主的疾病，如疟疾。
When guinea-worm disease is eradicated, this will be the first disease kicked out of its human host, not by a powerful vaccine, but by health education and behaviour change.
当几内亚线虫病得以消灭之时，将是不用强有力的疫苗，而是利用健康教育和行为改变从人类宿主中剔除出去的首个疾病。
But it's Bjarnsholt's latest discovery that reveals microbes' gift for language: the bacteria aren't just talking amongst themselves, but also quietly listening in on signals sent by their human host.
巴恩·索特的最新发现显示了微生物们惊人的“语言”天赋：细菌们不但彼此谈话交流，同时还偷偷地监听他们人类宿主发出的信号。
Shigella spp. is human host-specific pathogens that infects intestinal epithelial cells. It is the causative agent of dysentery which is followed by cramps, diarrhea and fever.
志贺菌属的细菌以人类为特异性宿主，感染人类肠上皮细胞，多导致痉挛性腹痛、腹泻、发烧等症状，是细菌性痢疾最为常见的病原菌。
Shigella spp. is human host-specific pathogens that infects intestinal epithelial cells. It is the causative agent of dysentery which is followed by cramps, diarrhea and fever.
志贺菌属的细菌以人类为特异性宿主，感染人类肠上皮细胞，多导致痉挛性腹痛、腹泻、发烧等症状，是细菌性痢疾最为常见的病原菌。
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